7.4 Skeletal System Vocabulary

Organs made up of bones

Long shaft (of the extremities- arms & legs)

2 extremities/ends

Cavity in the diaphysis (filled with yellow marrow)

Mainly a storage area for fat cells, also contains cells from leukocytes/white blood cells

Membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact

vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and cranium, and in the proximal ends of the humerus and femur

Outside of bone is covered w/ a tough membrane and contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and osteoblasts, special cells that form new bone tissue

Main trunk of the body and composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs, and breastbone

Forms the extremities and composed of the shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones

Spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain

“soft spots,” all for the enlargement of the skull as brain growth occurs

Areas where cranial bones have joined together

Collarbones

Shoulder Bones

Upper arm

Lower arm

Larger bone of lower arm, upper end forming the elbow

Wrist

Palm of the hand

3 each finger, 2 on the thumb

Air spaces in the bones of the skull that act as resonating chambers for the voice

Openings in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone

the 26 bones that compose the spinal column

Breastbone, last bone of the axial skeleton

Makes up pelvic girdle, coral/hip bones, joins the sacrum on the dorsal part of the body

12 pairs, “costae” attach thoracic vertebrae on the dorsal surface of the body

thigh

Knee cap

Large weight-bearing bone of the lower leg commonly called the shinbone

Slender/smaller bone of the lower leg that attaches to the proximal end of the tibia

Ankle

In step of foot

Areas where 2 or more bones join together

Connective tissue bands, help hold long bones together at joints