Chapter 1: The Normans - Conquest and Control

The loyalty of a citizen or subject to their government or king.

A tax raised to pay the Vikings (often Danish) to stop them from plundering from England.

The land owned by earls.

loyalty

A child born to unmarried parents.

Literally ‘below the king’ but meaning acting as the king’s deputy.

The richest part of England and an earldom controlled by the Godwin family prior to the Conquest.

Members of the national council in England advising the king before the Norman Conquest.

Working men, mainly peasants, called to serve the king in times of trouble.

The household troops or bodyguard of English kings.

A nobleman in Anglo-Saxon culture.

A person granted the use of land, in return for promising to be loyal. In addition they usually provided military service or its equivalent to a lord VERNACU LAR: the native language.

A flag given by the Pope to show that a mission had h is, and therefore, God's blessing.

Chain mail protection - a shirt reaching at least to mid-thigh and including sleeves.

An important lord in the Feudal System.

To surround a place with armed forces in order to capture it or force its surrender.

Fortified settlement established to protect towns against Viking invasion.

Doing something with intention of goodwill.

Preventing someone from inheriting another's property or title.

An area of territory owned or controlled by a particular ruler or government.

A record of a survey of the lands of England, giving ownership, size, and value of the properties.

The troops stationed in a castle or town to defend it.

The brutal slaughter and pillaging of the North by William the Conquer and his army.

Having the right to do something (e.g. rule England).

The power to control appointments to office or the right to privileges such as holding land.

To steal.

A castle with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised earthwork called a motte, surrounded by an enclosed courtyard.

A formal written order, issued by the king. Essentially a new law.

Where the funds of the government (i.e. the king) are kept.