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The English Civil Wars

Absolutism

  • James 1 and Charles 1 used divine right of kings to defend absolutism

  • Factors against absolutism

    • Parliament big part of English culture

    • local government

James 1 (ruled 1603-1625)

  • 1st Stuart Dynasty

  • believed in Devine Right of Kings

  • Ruled mildly- concerned Parliament

Charles 1 (ruled 1625-1649)

  • Parliament thought he was Catholic

  • Didn’t enter 30 year war

  • Catholic wife

    • that’s why they thought he was Catholic

  • Conflicts with Parliament

    • Parliament refused to fund his military

    • tried to make his own money

Petition of Rights- 1628

  • Key Parts

    • no taxation without Parliament

    • no unjust imprisonment

    • no quarter of troops can live in commoners home

    • no martial law in peace time

  • Key document of common law

  • Charles 1 dissolved Parliament

Period of Personal Rule

  • 1629-1640 parliament not called in session

  • Charles 1 tried to raise his own money

    • used old laws to collect money

Conflict with Scotland

  • Charles tried to bring Scotland into Anglican Church

  • becomes full on revolt

The Long Parliament

  • 1640-1660

  • wouldn’t meet without meeting Charles demands

War Begins

  • Royalist

    • cavaliers

    • law taxes

    • free society

  • Parliamentarians

    • roundheads

  • 1645, Parliamentarians

    • largely due to New Model Army

  • 1646 Charles 1 captured and imprisoned

  • 1648 war breaks out again when Parliament found out Charles was working with the Scots

  • Second Civil War is short

  • January 1647 Charles caught, tried, convicted, and executed

Absolutism

  • James 1 and Charles 1 used divine right of kings to defend absolutism

  • Factors against absolutism

    • Parliament big part of English culture

    • local government

James 1 (ruled 1603-1625)

  • 1st Stuart Dynasty

  • believed in Devine Right of Kings

  • Ruled mildly- concerned Parliament

Charles 1 (ruled 1625-1649)

  • Parliament thought he was Catholic

  • Didn’t enter 30 year war

  • Catholic wife

    • that’s why they thought he was Catholic

  • Conflicts with Parliament

    • Parliament refused to fund his military

    • tried to make his own money

Petition of Rights- 1628

  • Key Parts

    • no taxation without Parliament

    • no unjust imprisonment

    • no quarter of troops can live in commoners home

    • no martial law in peace time

  • Key document of common law

  • Charles 1 dissolved Parliament

Period of Personal Rule

  • 1629-1640 parliament not called in session

  • Charles 1 tried to raise his own money

    • used old laws to collect money

Conflict with Scotland

  • Charles tried to bring Scotland into Anglican Church

  • becomes full on revolt

The Long Parliament

  • 1640-1660

  • wouldn’t meet without meeting Charles demands

War Begins

  • Royalist

    • cavaliers

    • law taxes

    • free society

  • Parliamentarians

    • roundheads

  • 1645, Parliamentarians

    • largely due to New Model Army

  • 1646 Charles 1 captured and imprisoned

  • 1648 war breaks out again when Parliament found out Charles was working with the Scots

  • Second Civil War is short

  • January 1647 Charles caught, tried, convicted, and executed