Eye, Ear, Skin, Cancer (test 5)

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Neoplasm

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Health

Part of Final Review

34 Terms

1

Neoplasm

abnormal replication of cells causing new growth (benign or malignant)

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2

Sarcoma

Arises from bone

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3

Carcinoma

Epithelial origin

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4

Radionuclide/isotope seeking scan

isotope is a tumor seeking chemical

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5

Measures to prevent cancer

  • maintaining healthy weight

  • nitrate and nitrate additives are known to be cancer stimulators

  • alcohol moderation

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6

Biological response modifiers

stimulate or suppress immune activity to try and control malignancy without effect on other cells

two types:

  • Interleukins = help immune system find and destroy cancer cells

-Interferons= slow division of cancer cells and stimulate natural killer cells

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7

Interleukins

Help immune system find and destroy cancer cells

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8

Interferons

Slow division of cancer cells and stimulate natural killer cells

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9

Eustachian tube

Connects middle ear with the throat

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10

Romberg test

tests equilibrium

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11

Farsightedness

hyperopia

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12

nearsightedness

myopia

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13

Age related eye changes

  • iris does not dilate (falls) -cataracts -dry eye

presbyopia = aging eye

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14

If foreign body in eye

  • irrigate with tap water or saline

  • patch both eyes

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15

Eye drop application

pull down on lower eyelid and put drops into conjunctival sac

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16

Eye ointment application

apply a thin layer along the entire conjunctival sac

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17

Glaucoma

increase IOP causes optic nerve damage

  • narrow angle (build up of fluid) (acute) (angle closure)

  • open angle/wide angle (chronic) (slow over time)

Narrowing of vision common S/S

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18

Retinal detachment

most common cause is DM

  • S/S common is curtain like vision due to detachment

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19

Macular degeneration

  • most common eye disease

  • macula shows colors and central vision

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20

Layers of skin

epidermis

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21

Dermis consists of

dense connective tisssue

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22

Epidermis consists of

squamous epithelium

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23

Subcut consists of

adipose to cushion bones.

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24

Skin tears

category 1- better

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25

Skin tenting

more than 8 seconds = dehydrated

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26

Min urine output for adult

30 ml/hr

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27

Steven Johnson syndrome

lesions on skin and mouth

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28

Shingles

painful lesions on nerve path

  • same bacteria that causes chicken pox (varicella)

  • shingles is not contagious but you can get chicken pox

  • chicken pox is super dangerous for fetus

  • you can get vaccine after having it once!

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29

Skin cancer ABCDE

A-asymmetry B-borders (elevated border?) C-color (changing in color) D-diameter (getting bigger?) E-evolution (changing?)

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30

Basal cell carcinoma

  • most common

  • rarely life threatening

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31

Squamous cell carcinoma

  • rarely life threatening but more serious than basal cell

  • can be treated with topical imiquimod

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32

Malignant melanoma

  • deadly

  • arises from pigment producing cells

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33

Burns calorie requirement

4

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34

Fluid resuscitation

Replacement of the extensive fluid and electrolyte losses associated with major burn injuries.

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