Unit 5: Period 5: 1844-1877

A joint-stock company organized in 1863 and reorganized in 1867 to build the Union Pacific Railroad + gov officials accused of getting bribes.

Signed an agreement with the British to divide Oregon territory at the 49th parallel.

Used to track down runaway enslaved people who had escaped to northern states + return them to the South.

Captured of the city of Savannah, Georgia.

Sent abolitionist and free soiler settlers to Kansas.

The settled border between US and Canada in regard to Maine.

Claimed that "slavery can not exist without slave codes, "territory should just not pass legislation favorable to slaves.

2 confederacy diplomates bound for GB taken by the union.

Conflict between lumber workers on the Maine- Candian boundary.

US and Britain should jointly control and protect the canal soon to be built across the isthmus of Panama.

Lewis cass proposed that slavery matter be determined by a vote of the people who settled on the territory.

Delivered a speech to dedicate the cemetery where Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg were buried.

Staunch abolitionist that was convicted and hanged.

Won against Democrat Horatio Seymour in a landslide victory.

President Pierce succeeded in adding a strip of ling to American Southwest for a railroad for $ 10 million.

Hostility to these immigrants → sporadic rioting.

Launched a long campaign to capture the city + Grant besieged Vicksburg, cutting off its supply lines and bombarding it with artillery.

Conflict between lumber workers on the Maine-Candian boundary

A declaration (1854) issued from Ostend, Belgium, by the U.S. ministers, stating that the U.S. would be justified in seizing Cuba if Spain did not sell it to the U.S

Organized unauthorized military expeditions into Mexico and Central America to est

Northern Democrates + Whigs supported the Wilmot Proviso and the position that all African American should be excluded from the Mexican session (whites only)

Lewis cass proposed that slavery matter be determined by a vote of the people who settled on the territory

Used to track down runaway enslaved people who had escaped to northern state + return them to the South

2 confederacy diplomates bound for GB taken by the union

US had the divine mission to extend its power and civilization across North America

Mexico recognized the Rio Grande as the border of Texas The US took possession of California + New Mexico for $15 million

Contradicted Missouri Compromise

Popular sovereignty instead in Kansas (free) and Nebraska  (slavery)

President Pierce supported

Underestimated opposition in North

Proslavery border ruffians poured into Kansas and illegally voted

Supreme Court claimed Congress had no authority over slavery

Intensified tensions + further split Democrats sectionally

Led to the secession of many southern states

Radical plan to gradually end slavery

Against slavery, industrial, railroads, more militia, offensive war

For slavery, agricultural, less militia, defensive war

Use U.S. Navy to blockade Southern Ports + cutting off essential supplies from reaching the Confederacy

Added the moral concept to go against slavery in the war

Congress created the Bureau for Refugees, freedmen, and abandoned lands as an early welfare agency (greatest success in education)

10 percent of a states voters would have to plead loyalty to the union

prohibited any state from denying or abridging a citizen’s right to vote on the account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude (1870 ratification)

Labor system in which landowners provided land, tools, and supplies to tenant farmers in exchange for a share of the crop they produced.

Common in the South when many African Americans were unable to find work or land of their own

Kept tenant farmers in a cycle of debt and poverty, as landowners charged high-interest rates and manipulated the system to keep their laborers in a state of dependence

Gave the presidency to Rep Rutherford B. Hayes

Removal of federal troops from the South ending Reconstruction and allowing for the rise of Jim Crow laws