Plants and Animals test

• Eukaryotes

• Multicellular

• Cells wall contain CELLULOSE

• Carry out Photosynthesis

• Bryophytes (Mosses)

• Fern-like plants

• Gymnosperms

• Angiosperms

• Mosses and relatives

• Don’t have strong plant tissue and can’t grow tall

• Grow in moist environments

Have spores instead of seeds

cone-bearing plants

Flowering Plants

• One cotyledon (seed)

• Fibrous roots

• Scattered vascular tubes

• Parallel veins

• Petals in multiples of 3

• Two cotyledon (seeds)

• Tap roots

• Ringed vascular tubes

• Net-likes veins

• Petals in multiples of 5

the predominant type of life cycle in plants and algae. It consists of a multicellular haploid sexual phase, the gametophyte, which has a single set of chromosomes alternating with a multicellular diploid asexual phase.

• Cuticle

• Epidermis

• Palisade layer

• Vascular bundle (xylem and phloem)

• Spongey mesophyll

• Stomata

temporary storage of sugars and amino acids synthesized in the palisade layer

allows gas and water vapor exchange through pores in the leaves

• control water loss in the leaf

• epidermal cells that control gas diffusion by regulating the opening and closure of stomatal pores

Carries water from roots to leaves

carries glucose from leaf to all parts of the plant

xylem and phloem that are together in strands in primary plant bodies

helps bring water up from the roots

• Sponges (Porifera)

• Cnidaria

• Flatworms (Platyhelminthes)

• Roundworms (Nematoda)

• Mollusks (Mollusca)

• Annelida

• Arthropoda

• Echinodermata

• Chordata

Sponges - the simplest animal

Includes jellyfish

Flatworms such as the parasitic tapeworms that latch on the inside of intestines and steal nutrients from the host

Roundworms - many are parasites and very small

Diverse group that includes gastropods like snails, but also includes bivalves like clams and oysters, but also includes cephalopods like octopi Most seashells that you see at the beach are from marine mollusks

Segmented worms such as earthworms or leaches

Includes insects, arachnids, and crustaceans

Includes starfish (now called sea stars) and sea urchins, sea cucumbers

Animals with backbones

• Body Covering: Scales

• Reproduction: Lay soft eggs; external fertilization

• Movement: Swim bladder, Fins

• Circulatory System: Single loop; 2 chamber heart

• Body Temperature Regulation: Ecotherm

• Body Covering: Smooth skin

• Reproduction: Need to go back to the water to lay eggs which are soft eggs like fish eggs, internal and external fertilization (most external)

• Movement: front and back legs

• Circulatory System: Double looped; 3 chamber heart

• Body Temperature Regulation: Ecotherm

• Specializations: Tympanic membrane, Nictitating membrane

• Body Covering: Dry-scaly skin

• Reproduction: Lay eggs with leathery shells and fluid and nourishment on the inside so no longer dependent on water for reproduction; internal fertilization

• Movement: strong limbs

• Circulatory System: Double looped; 4 chamber heart

• Body Temperature Regulation: Ecotherm

• Body Covering: Scales, feathers

• Reproduction: Lay eggs with leathery shells and fluid and nourishment on the inside so no longer dependent on water for reproduction ; internal fertilization

• Movement: wings

• Circulatory System: Double looped; 4 chamber heart

• Body Temperature Regulation: Endotherm

• Specializations: Struts, Air spaces, Air sacs

• Body Covering: hair, fur

• Reproduction: Live birth (some lay eggs)

• Movement: flexible backbone

• Circulatory System: Double looped; 4 chamber heart

• Body Temperature Regulation: Endotherm

• Specialization: Produce milk from mammary glands

The centralization of the nervous system.  It indicates the development of a head and brain.

The first opening in the embryo becomes the mouth.

The first opening in the embryo becomes the anus, and the mouth develops later

The regulation of body temperature depends on internal sources

The regulation of body temperature depends on external sources

A supporting skeletal rod in all chordate embryos

cell elongation

cell division and expansion

Plant growth regulator

Plant’s response to light

When a plant bends/turns in the direction of the object it touches (directional response to touch)

Plant’s response to gravity (the roots of the plants grow towards the gravitational field whereas the stem grows away from the gravitational field)

separate the inner ear from the outer ear

an animal embryo at the early stage of development when it is a hollow ball of cells

petal

stigma

style

ovary

pistil (carpel)

anther

filament

stamen

ovule

sepal