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The study of the function of the living body and its parts, or how the body works in an interrelated fashion, is called:
physiology
The study of the body's structure or design is referred to as:
anatomy
What is the BEST reason that the EMT should be knowledgeable about normal anatomy and physiology?
It will help the EMT to recognize when life-threatening findings are present.
In order to BEST understand what is wrong with the body, the EMT will need to understand:
what is normally right with the body.
Anatomy refers to the:
structure of the body.
Which one of the following statements best describes the term physiology?
How the body works
Upon arrival at a scene of a fight, you find your patient lying face up on his back. What is this position called?
Supine
The lateral recumbent position means the patient is lying:
on the right or left side.
The medical term that is used to refer to the back of the patient is:
dorsal
Imaginary straight-line divisions of the body are called:
anatomical planes.
The musculoskeletal system consists of all of the following components EXCEPT the:
blood vessels.
Which one of the following is responsible for connecting bone to bone?
Ligaments
Occipital, parietal, temporal, and frontal are all parts of the:
cranium
The cervical spine is formed by which vertebrae?
The first seven vertebrae
Which of the following types of joints allow for the widest range of motion?
Ball-and-socket
The type of joint that comprises the small bones in the hands and feet (not fingers or toes) is known as:
gliding.
Smooth muscle is responsible for:
constriction or dilation of the blood vessels.
Deliberate movement is accomplished by which kind of muscle?
Voluntary
The grape-like structures where the actual air exchange occurs in the lungs are called the:
alveoli
The part of the airway that can create the greatest resistance to airflow is the
bronchioles.
Which of the following is TRUE regarding respiratory anatomy in infants and children?
The tongue of an infant or child takes up proportionally more space than an adult's.
Why is the treatment of pediatric airway swelling more critical than treatment of airway swelling in adults?
Because of the small diameter of the airway
During exhalation, what causes the air to move out of the lungs?
Positive pressure
What is the mechanical process by which air is moved in and out of the lungs?
Ventilation
You have a patient who has fluid in the airway, labored breathing, absent breath sounds, and a low blood oxygen level and is unresponsive. What should you manage FIRST?
Airway occlusion
Generally, if ventilations continue to worsen despite the use of accessory muscles, the patient's breathing may be considered:
inadequate
At the base of the aortic artery, where it originates off the left ventricle is the:
aortic valve.
The majority of the mass of the heart is located:
to the left of the midline.
The left and right brachial arteries supply blood to the:
arms
After leaving a capillary, blood enters into what structure on its trip back to the heart?
Venule
Which one of the following keep the body systems working together?
Nervous system
Which one of the following statements about the nervous system is true?
It enables the individual to be aware of the environment.
All of the following are functions of the nervous system, EXCEPT:
secreting enzymes into the bloodstream to control sugar balance.
The brain and spinal cord make up the:
central nervous system.
Which of the following occurs in response to an increase in parasympathetic nervous system stimulation?
Slowing of the heart rate
Which of the following occurs to the cardiovascular system in response to an increase in parasympathetic nervous system stimulation?
Slowing of the heart rate
The set of neural tracts in the brain that must be functioning to allow consciousness to occur is known as the:
reticular activating system.
Given what the reticular activating system does for the body, it could also be called the:
"wake and sleep center."
The gland that regulates metabolism, growth and development, and the activity of the nervous system is the:
thyroid.
What gland of the body is considered to be the master gland?
Pituitary
The hormone epinephrine has which effect on the heart's conduction system?
It speeds up conduction.
Beta1 stimulation has each of the following effects on the heart, EXCEPT:
slows the conduction velocity of the heart.
The subcutaneous layer of the skin plays an important role in:
heat preservation.
The role of melanin in the skin is to:
provide protection from ultraviolet light.
The parts of the small intestine include each of the following, EXCEPT the:
colon
The majority of digestion of food into structures that can be more easily absorbed takes place in the:
stomach
Urine is transported to the bladder by the:
ureter
During the process of urine formation, wastes are removed from the circulating blood for elimination. This is done by the:
kidneys
Components of the male reproductive system include each of the following, EXCEPT the:
fallopian tubes.
The structure that is responsible for storing the sperm is called the:
epididymis
What is the MOST important reason EMTs should have a good grasp on proper use of medical terminology?
It allows clear communication with other health care providers.
Which one of the following contributes the genes that determine hereditary characteristics of an offspring?
Ovum
The word part cardi/o is considered a medical:
root
One day while at the station between calls, you are completing a crossword puzzle. One of the clues for a medical term reads "a suffix that refers to the blood." You would know this to be:
emia