IB ESS Ecosystems and Ecology (shortened)

An individual animal, bacteria, or plant that is alive.

A group of organisms of the same species living together.

Organisms of the same type with common characteristics that can interbreed to create fertile offspring.

A group of populations of different species living in the same area.

Community plus abiotic factors like rocks, water, and sunlight.

Type of environment with specific traits like tundra or grasslands.

All ecosystems on Earth.

Single line of organisms connected by arrows showing energy flow.

Multiple chains showing energy transfer in an ecosystem.

Indicates what eats what and how energy is transferred.

Tier in a pyramid/chain indicating an organism's position in the food chain.

Show energy/biomass flow in an ecosystem.

Energy can't be created or destroyed, only transformed.

Energy transfer is inefficient, with some loss.

First trophic level, produces energy through photosynthesis.

Eats producers, second trophic level.

Eats primary consumers, third trophic level.

Eats secondary consumers, fourth trophic level.

Top predator at the fifth trophic level.

Only about 10% of energy transfers between trophic levels.

Shows the abundance of species in an ecosystem.

Illustrates the mass of living organisms in an area.

Depicts the flow of energy in an ecosystem.

Toxins building up in an organism at a trophic level.

Toxins increasing in strength across trophic levels.

Amount of biomass/energy transferred between trophic levels.

Rate at which producers photosynthesize.

GPP minus respiration, the stored energy.

Biomass added to consumers per time period.

Technique to measure GPP and respiration in organisms.