MAB 3.1 Unit 3 Genetic Engineering Test 2023

Creating a copy of an organism or molecule from another entity

DNA-cutting enzymes that cleave phosphodiester bonds in DNA strands

Circular, self-replicating DNA found in bacteria, used to carry and clone other DNA fragments

Technology that allows for the cutting and joining of DNA fragments, and insertion into a plasmid

clone DNA fragments up to 15 kb; infect the bacterial species

Specific sequence of bases in DNA recognized and cut by restriction enzymes

Sequence that reads the same forward and backward on opposite strands of DNA

Overhanging single-stranded ends of DNA fragments created by certain restriction enzymes

Double-stranded ends of DNA fragments created by certain restriction enzymes

DNA formed by joining together DNA fragments from different sources

Process of inserting foreign DNA into bacterial cells

Process of selecting transformed bacteria by growing them on plates with different antibiotics

used to distinguish cells containing recombinant vs non-recombinant plasmids, utilizes lacz gene, and XGAL in agar

Collections of cloned DNA fragments from a particular organism stored i

Libraries containing fragments of an organism's entire genome

Libraries containing complementary DNA synthesized from mRNA

Technique for amplifying specific DNA sequences in a short period of time

DNA polymerase isolated from Thermus aquaticus, used in PCR due to its heat stability

Rapid and effective method of cloning DNA fragments amplified by PCR

Primers are created to match the beginning and end sequence of certain sections

These are short DNA sections that set the boundaries for what will be copied

short, single-stranded segments of DNA used in DNA hybridization experiments.- complementary to sequence of interest

site that can be recognized by multiple restriction enzymes

DNA molecules that can carry foreign DNA into a host cell and replicate there.

enzymes are used to chop DNA from sample into fragments, fragments are then placed into wells; electrical current is run through the gel and fragments are attracted depending on charge; smallest/lightest/most charged move far, thus creating banding pattern used to identify and compare

enzyme that chemically links DNA fragments together

A large plasmid that acts as a bacterial chromosome and can carry inserts of 100,000 to 300,000 base pairs., cannot properly fold eukaryotic proteins

An enzyme encoded by certain viruses (retroviruses) that uses RNA as a template for DNA synthesis.. Used for cDNA libraries,

first protein made through recombinant DNA technology

binding of complementary DNA strands through hydrogen bonding. Used in library screening, DNA probes, Southern blotting, PCR

synthetic DNA element in a cloning vector with unique restriction sites used for insertion of foreign DNA

Enzyme used in bioluminescence

the emission of light from a chemical reaction

dye that binds to DNA in agarose gel, and fluoresces under UV light

a unique technology that researchers to edit parts of the genome by removing, adding or altering sections of the DNA sequence, naturally occurring in bacteria

A DNA sample is electrophoresed on a gel and then transferred to a filter. The filter is then exposed to a labeled DNA probe that recognizes and anneals to its complementary strand. The resulting ds labeled piece of DNA is visualized when the filter is exposed to film.

Similar technique [to Southern], except that Northern blotting involves radioactive DNA probe binding to sample RNA .

Similar technique (to Southern ) except it involves antibodies binding to proteins

The red pigment produced by S. marcescens.

type of nucleotide used during DNA sequencing to terminate synthesis

There are 4 test tubes each one containing ddNTP (only one), dNTP (all 4), DNA Polymerase, Primer, ssDNA template, . Synthesis occurs until a ddNTP is incorporated. You use gel electrophoresis to see the fragements. Read the gel bottom to top for the sequence.. Also known as chain termination sequencing, used in Human Genome project

Technique used to identify the location of a gene directly in a chromosome

inhibition of gene expression by RNA molecules, naturally occurring in bacteria

A technique in which RNA is first converted to cDNA by the use of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, then the cDNA is amplified by the polymerase chain reaction.

A microarray of immobilized single-stranded DNA fragments of known nucleotide sequence that is used especially in the identification and sequencing of DNA samples and in the analysis of gene expression (as in a cell or tissue).

sequencing technique uses short fragments of DNA (oligonucleotides) attached to beads

uses nanotechnology to cleave and sequence single nucleotides at a time

repressible operon; activated when tryptophan is absent, inactivated when tryptophan is present.