Unit 6 Science

Who created the first battery and in what year

Alessandro Volta 1790-1800

What was the first battery made up of

Alternating disk of zinc and silver separated by paper soaked with a solution of brine (salt water)

How did the inventor of the first battery increase the voltage

Add ore alternating stacks of zinc, silver and paper soaked in brine

What are the two types of batteries

Dry and wet

How do batteries get a negative charge

By the zinc corroding fast

How does a dry cell get a positive charge

Carbon electrode/pencil lead corroding slowly

How does a wet cell get a positive charge

Copper corroding slowly

Where is a dry cell used

Household items

Where is a wet cell used

Vehicals

How to batteries run out of electricity

Zinc corrodes completely

What is the advantage of using dry cells

Come in different sizes

What is the advantage to using wet cells

Powerful and rechargeable

What voltage to most batteries have

1.5V

What’s the difference between different household batteries

Bigger batteries have more zinc to corrode.

What is the red knob on a 12V battery

Positive terminal

What is the blue/black knob on a 12V battery

Negative terminal

What are the yellow knobs on a 12V battery

6 2V wet cell batteries

What is a conductor

Something that can transfer electrons

What is an insulator

Something that stops electrons

What is a resistor

Something that transforms electrons into a different kind of energy

What determines how much resistance a resistor will have

Material, Temperature (hotter = more resistance), Diameter (thinner = more resistance), Length (longer = more resistance)

What is potential energy in a circuit

Voltage/stored energy/the buildup of electrons

What is kinetic energy in a circuit

Amps/flow of electrons

How do resistors affect the flow of electrons

Transforms electrons into a different type of energy, decreases the electrical energy in current

Electricity always takes the path ______

of least resistance

What does a voltmeter do

Measure voltage in a circuit

Is a voltmeter part of a circuit

No because it doesn’t use electrons

What does an ammeter do

Measure amps in a circuit

Is an ammeter part of a circuit

Yes because it uses electrons

What are the two types of circuits

Series and parallel

Why do all light bulbs go out in a series circuit if only one goes out

Because there is only one path for electrons to flow

Why don’t all light bulbs go out in a parallel circuit if only one goes out

Because there are multiple paths for electrons to flow

How does a blinker bulb work

The bimetallic strip heats and brass expands and bends towards steel side and disconnects circuit, brass then cools and contracts and bends back to brass side and reconnects circuit

What are the six main forms of energy

Thermal, chemical, mechanical, electrical, electromagnetic, nuclear

What are the two types of currents

Alternating current and direct current (ACDC)

How does a direct current flow

Only one direction (- → +)

How does a alternating current flow

Switches ways it travels (60 times/sec)

Where is A/C electricity used

Outlets/plugs, transmission lines

Where is D/C electricity used

Batteries, solar panels, charger - part that goes into computer

What is a minor resistor

Resistor that can only transform electricity into one type of energy

What is a major resistor

Resistor that can transform electricity into two or more types of energy

What does the inside of a light bulb look like

Tungsten filament, wires going to side and bottom, plastic at the bottom

Resistance formula

R= V/I

Voltage formula

V = IR

Current/amps formula

I = VR

Power formula

W = VI