French Revolution

clergy, prestigious leaders (1% of pop)

nobility, mainly in charge of everything involving the church, government, and military (2%of pop)

peasants + “normal jobs people” (97% of pop)

• 1.5 million lost in gambling

• Became “Madam deficit” because she spent so much money on luxury items.

• Member of the royal family of Austria

• She gave Louis bad advice and interfered with government

BAD LEADER, His hobbies distracted him from actually being a good king (such as hunting)

• Suffered traumatic events as a child→ and moved his palace to Versaille

• Kept close on eye everyone (paranoid)

• Control freak

• Made everyone catholic

• (1643-1715)

  • 1715 beginning of french and indian war

• Outdated political and social system

• Also called “ancient regime”

• Three estates

• Assembly of estates

• Each estate gets one vote- First and Second estate frequently outvoted third estate

• Later lead the Third estate to create the National Assembly, lead by Abbe Siyes

• Third estate assembly to pass laws + reform

  • Founded 1789

• Oath to stay on the tennis court until the constitution was established

  • Originally locked outside of the meeting hall, moved to the tennis court

A period of panic and riot by peasants (caused by rumors)

What was the success of the Third Estate inspired by?

Why was the French economy failing?

How did King Loui XVI fail to prevent the coming crisis?

How was Marie Antoinette a factor in the revolution?

Lead the 3rd estate into making the national assembly, asked 3 important questions.

What was the 3rd estate? (everything), What has it been until now int he political order? (nothing), What does it want to be? (something)

Royals > People (not extreme)

Wanted the old regime, emigrated out of France (extreme)

Radical political organization (not as extreme as sans-culottes)

Believed in direct democracy, anarchist + consisted of urban workers, “those without knee breeches” (extreme)

Revolution slogan

Consequences to King Louis XVI fleeing France in June 1791

The assembly that could create laws and approve/decline declarations of war (King Louis XVI still had to enforce laws)

Left of the assembly, wanted more change

Middle of the assembly (wanted some change, but not a lot)

Right of the assembly (Wanted little/no change)

The Legislative Assembly declared war on Austria and Prussia

Olympe de Gouges is declared an enemy of the revolution for her writing in “a declaration of the rights of women” and executed

National Assembly creates a new constitution + legislative assembly

Rumors of Royalists breaking out of prison, people responded in raiding prisons and killing 1,000 prisoners

Creation of the National convention

French legislature in response to the Summer Massacre, republic

Sickly, spent time in a bathtub, edited the “L’ami du peuple”, and called for the death of royalists (Jacobin)

a lawyer, passionate speaker, and devoted to the poor people of France, executed by Robespierre, “Don’t forget to show my head to the people. It’s well worth seeing”

Which population was the most executed during the Reign of Terror?

How many people were executed during the Reign of Terror?

Builds a “republic of virtue”, Reign of Terror, executed 40,000 people

Robespierre becomes leader of the Committee of public safety

National Convention turns on Robespierre, he is executed

Moderate leaders in the Nation Convention make a new plan, creates the Directory, and appoint Napoleon as a leader

9/22/1792

Reasons for revolution

New religion in the Reign of Terror, binds people to the revolution

Held at Notre Dame (temple of reason), opera singer dressed as Liberty, J-L David builds statues, Robespierre sets statues on fire