Chapter 10

republicans renominate Herbert Hoover, Democrat

Roosevelt wins and defeats Alf Landon, Roosevelt won every state but Vermont and Maine

(August 1935) help elderly/unemployed workers receive benefits by paying premiums and welfare payments to nose who need it (poor families, disabilities, etc..)

put young men to work outdoors, learn work skills, forest

Harry Hopkins, channels money to state and local government

buy up mortgages restructure at lower interest rates, must ave a job

clean water act, restore and maintain clean and healthy waters

public works administration, highways, sewers, dams, schools, etc…, government insists on hiring all races, break trade, barriers in all industries

abolish child labor, protection for workers, 25 cent/hr, 40 hour work week

workers have the right to organize unions and bargain collectively

paralysis

role of the government to work out conflicts between interest groups

stop working, refuse to leave factory

borrow money to pay for programs

investors choose to take money out prior to convert it to gold before it loses value

controversial but they “gotta eat too”, finance plays, murals and symphonies, etc…, offers work to artists, musicians, etc…

government pays farmers NOT to grow crops

becomes federation of unions, sought to organize all industrial unions many industries, focus: steel, automobiles

political mistakes, trying to give more power to executive, causes conservative Democrats to work with republicans to oppose New Deal legislation, Roosevelt cut budget as unemployment suddenly surged, introduced new programs to help unions (1935), won second term

FDIC, deputy to FDR, directed New Deal relief programs

supports monthly check to citizens, left wing critic of New Deal

treasury secretary, wants to cut budget

secretary of labor, 1st woman appointed to a cabinet post

“Keynesian” economics, gov should spend heavily during a recession to jump starts the economy

senator Louisiana, left wing critic of the New Deal, Democratic, supports share our wealth programs

success: put people back to work, saved capitalism, restored faith in tje economic system, revived hope in American people

Disappointment: war debts, high tariffs, failed regulation, Roosevelt did not recognize that the Great Depression was mostly caused by the government itself

Progress:

Mistakes: FDR, meddling to give more power to executive, conservative democrats work with republicans to oppose New Deal legislation

grew up outdoors, Harvard and Columbia Law, competitive, charming, persuasive, NY state senator (1910), assistant secretary of Havy through WWI under Wilson , developed polio (1921), supporter of Alfred E. Smith (1924)

series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt

close banks before runs put out of business

FDR initiated a series of laws which transformed the US

Keep Americans informed by radio, assures people banks are safe, deposits outweigh withdrawals, banking crisis over

regulate the stock market and prevent fraud

provide government insurance for bank deposits up to a certain amount

Over two year period production cut back, prices and income for farmers up

union members bring complaints to neutral party, they decide

safeguards and economic relief which protected average Americans from economic disaster

justices were “overburdened” with work, add additional justices to court to change polticial balance (worked for 10 years and 70+), Causes conservative Demcorats to work with republicans to oppose New Deal legislation