AS Sociology- Ethnic Differences in Achievement External

Inadequate for educational success

lack of intellectual and lingustic skills

Pupils with English as first language only 3.2 points ahead of those without English as first language

- lack of motivation due to socialisation
- socialised into a subc. that instils a fatalistic, live for today attitude

Indian pupils do very well despite not having English as their first language

A fatalistic 'live for today' subculture

Many black families are headed by a lone mother, therefore children get inadequate care as there is no breadwinner.
Boys also lack a male role model
Leads to a cycle

The New Right

The high rate of lone parenthood and lack of positive male role models leads to minority underachievement

Not embracing the British culture

-Asians do better as their culture is more resistant to racism and gives them a better sense of self-worth
-Black Caribbean culture less cohesive and less resistant to racism- leads to low self-esteem
-Pryce thinks the cause of this is the differing effects of colonialism - Asian culture wasnt destroyed by this

- lack of fatherly nurturing and 'tough love'.
- Results in black boys struggling to overcome emotional and behavioural difficulties
- Street gangs offer fatherless boys, "perverse loyalty and love"
- Take on a media inspired role model of anti school bkack masculinity

-Standard English and doing well viewed as suspicious and selling out to the white establishment
-"The biggest barrier facing black boys is actually black peer pressure"

cultural differences in socialisation and attitudes to education

Critical Race Theorist
Not peer pressure, but institutional racism

High value on education and an 'Asian work ethic'

Adult authority in Asian families is very similar to schools
like respectful behaviour being expected

Ethnic minorities more likely to aspire to uni than white w/c.
Studied 4x w/c schools: 2x white, 1xPakistani and 1x ethnically mixed
Poorer levels of behaviour in white school despite less pupils on fsm
Blamed on lower levels of parental support
Whereas, ethnic minority parents see education as a 'way up in society'.

Ethnic minority pupils are more likely to aspire to go to university than white British pupils.
- lack of parental support

white working class street culture can be brutal, as a result of power games which are played on the street are replicated in schools bringing disruption and making it hard for pupils to succeed.
- have to learn how to intimidate others and withstand intimidation

-Ignores the positive effects of ethnicity on achievement
-Black Caribbean families provide girls with good female role models
-This leads to black girls being more successful than boys

- challenges pryce
Argues black pupils fail due to institutional racism

-Cultural deprivation theory is a victim blaming explanation
-Students are culturally different not culturally deprived
-Schools are too ethnocentric

-Multi-cultural education
-Anti-racist education

A lack of physical necessities that are seen as essential or normal for life in today's society

-Almost 1/2 of all ethnic minority children are low-income, compared to 1/4 of white children
-Ethnic minorities are 2x as likely to be unemployed
-EM 3x as likely to be homeless
-1/2 of all Bangladeshi and Pakistani earn less than £7 compared to a 1/4 of whites

-Live in economically depressed areas w low wages and high unemployment
-Cultural factors e.g. Purdah
-Lack of language skills
-Asylum seekers unable to get work
-Racial discrimination
- foreign qualifications

Indian and CHinese that are md. still do better
-85% CHI. w fsm got 5/+ GCSES
-65% of white girls w/o fsm

-Materially deprived Chinese and Indian girls do better than MD whites
-In 2011, 86% FSM Chinese girls gained 5+ GCSEs
Compared to 65% non-FSM white

-"Discrimination is a continuing and persisting feature of the experience of Britain's citizens of an ethnic minority"

Social exclusion e.g. in housing
-worsens poverty faced
- substandard accomodation

- 3 names of differing ethnic origin
- 1 in 16 EM offered an interview
- 1 in 9 white`
- helps explain why members of EM are more likely to face unemployment