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Creating a copy of an organism or molecule from another entity

DNA-cutting enzymes that cleave phosphodiester bonds in DNA strands

Circular, self-replicating DNA found in bacteria, used to carry and clone other DNA fragments

Technology that allows for the cutting and joining of DNA fragments, and insertion into a plasmid

clone DNA fragments up to 15 kb; infect the bacterial species

Specific sequence of bases in DNA recognized and cut by restriction enzymes

Sequence that reads the same forward and backward on opposite strands of DNA

Overhanging single-stranded ends of DNA fragments created by certain restriction enzymes

Double-stranded ends of DNA fragments created by certain restriction enzymes

DNA formed by joining together DNA fragments from different sources

Process of inserting foreign DNA into bacterial cells

Process of selecting transformed bacteria by growing them on plates with different antibiotics

Method to identify recombinant bacteria based on the color of colonies on a plate

Collections of cloned DNA fragments from a particular organism

Libraries containing fragments of an organism's entire genome

Libraries containing complementary DNA synthesized from mRNA

Technique for amplifying specific DNA sequences in a short period of time

DNA polymerase isolated from Thermus aquaticus, used in PCR due to its heat stability

Rapid and effective method of cloning DNA fragments amplified by PCR

Primers are created to match the beginning and end sequence of certain sections

short, single-stranded segments of DNA used in DNA hybridization experiments.

site that can be recognized by multiple restriction enzymes

DNA molecules that can carry foreign DNA into a host cell and replicate there.

enzymes are used to chop DNA from sample into fragments, fragments are then placed into wells; electrical current is run through the gel and fragments are attracted depending on charge; smallest/lightest/most charged move far, thus creating banding pattern used to identify and compare

enzyme that chemically links DNA fragments together

A large plasmid that acts as a bacterial chromosome and can carry inserts of 100,000 to 300,000 base pairs.