Video Production and Audio Basics

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Video Medium

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100 Terms

1

Video Medium

Images that span from microscopic to outer space

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2

Video Presentation

Different ways to view video through screens, internet, cables, satellite

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3

Video Recording

Storing and editing video signal in different forms

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4

Production Assistant

Assists director or producer with production needs

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5

Graphic Design/Operator

Designs and implements graphics for production

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6

Lighting Director

Designs and controls lighting treatment

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7

Empirical Production Method

Directors find subjects and situations that relate to their idea

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8

Planned Production Method

Organizing and building a program in arranged steps

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9

Remote Survey (Recce)

Preliminary visit to shooting location

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10

Site Survey

Preliminary visit to shooting location

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11

Aperture

Opening of the iris that adjusts light and depth of field

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12

CCD

Image sensor used in most video cameras

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13

CMOS

Image sensor with less power consumption

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14

Focal Length

Distance between lens and image sensor when focused at infinity

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15

Optical Zoom

Zoom using lens to maintain high-quality image

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16

Telephoto Lens

Lens that gives magnified view of scene

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17

Truck

Sideways camera movement with subject

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18

Zoom Lens

Lens with variable focal length

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19

Follow Focus

Continually changing focus as camera follows action

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20

Macro

Lens setting for sharp image up to lens surface

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21

Medium Shot

Shows emotion and relevant context of the scene

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22

Waveform Monitor

Displays variations of video signal, sync pulses, etc.

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23

Manual Zoom Control

Allows manual zooming of the lens

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24

Power Zoom Rocker Switch

Allows electronic zooming of the lens

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25

Focus Control Ring

Allows manual adjustment of focus

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26

Aperture Control Ring

Allows manual adjustment of lens iris

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27

White and Black Balance Controls

Adjusts color settings of the camera

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28

On-Camera Shotgun Microphones

Useful for picking up natural sound

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29

Progressive Scanning

Refreshes whole screen top to bottom

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30

Crossing the Line

Breaking the imaginary rule of camera movement direction

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31

Dynamic Microphone

Rugged, low-maintenance, not easily distorted microphone

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32

Condenser Microphone

High-quality microphone, can be small, powered by battery

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33

Preamplifier

Adjusts audio strength to standard level

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34

Shotgun Microphone

Highly directional microphone for picking up sound from a distance

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35

Diffusion Material

Reduces intensity of light beam

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36

Floodlighting

Scatters light in all directions

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37

Fresnel

Unfocused spotlight with adjustable beam

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38

Gaffer

Head of electrical department, in charge of lighting

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39

LED Light Panel

Camera or studio light made from small LED bulbs

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40

Photographic Lighting

Three-point lighting method

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41

Scrim

Material used to diffuse or block lighting

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42

Soft Light

Provides diffused light

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43

Makeup Artist

Designs and applies makeup to talent

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44

Videographers

Set up and operate cameras

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45

Camera Assistant

Helps set up and tear down cameras

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46

Audio Mixer/Sound Mixer/Sound Supervisor

Balances sound and ensures quality of program sound

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47

Boom Operator

Positions microphones, troubleshoots audio problems

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48

Engineer

Sets up, maintains, and troubleshoots production equipment

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49

Writer

Responsible for writing the script

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50

Editor

Selects and cuts video and audio to produce programs

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51

Set Designer

Conceives and organizes scenic treatment for production

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52

Freelance Crew

Hired staff not associated with the company

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53

Above the Line Personnel

People with fixed salary who share in project profits

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54

Below the Line Personnel

People paid a wage who do not share in profits

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55

Arc

Camera move that circles subject in a curve

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56

Goals

Broad concepts of what you want to accomplish with the program

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57

Multicamera Production

Using multiple cameras to create a television production

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58

Objectives

Measurable goals to test audience understanding

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59

Shot Sheet

List of shots needed from each camera operator

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60

Digital Zoom

Progressively reading out smaller area of digitally constructed image

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61

Dolly

Platform with wheels to smoothly move camera during shot

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62

DSLR

Digital Single Lens Reflex still camera with video capabilities

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63

F-Stop

Measurement of aperture size

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64

Handheld Camera

Camera held by a person without camera mount

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65

Iris

Adjustable diaphragm of the lens

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66

Jib

Counterbalanced arm for camera movement

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67

Normal Lens

Lens that portrays scene similar to human eye

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68

Tripod

Three-legged camera mount

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69

Viewfinder

Monitors camera's picture for framing and focusing

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70

Wide-Angle Lens

Lens that shows greater area of the scene

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71

Action Line

Line along direction of action in a scene

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72

Close-Up Shot

Focuses on specific feature, shows emotion or detail

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73

Long Shot

Establishes scene for viewer

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74

Pan Shot

Camera pivots left or right on a camera mount

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75

Tilt Shot

Camera pivots up or down on a camera mount

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76

Zone Focus

Camera operators focus on specific portion of the scene

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77

ENG/EFP Viewfinder

Small monitor placed next to camera operator's eye

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78

Clip-On Camera Batteries

Allows camera operator to carry multiple batteries

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79

Interlace Scanning

Displays two fields to create a whole screen

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80

Phantom Power

Power supply for condenser microphones

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81

Stereo

Uses two audio tracks to create illusion of space

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82

Surround Sound

Uses six audio tracks to create envelopment

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83

Barn Doors

Metal flaps to shape the light beam

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84

Ellipsoidal

Sharply focused spotlight

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85

Gel

Colored filters used to adjust light color

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86

Spotlight

Highly directional light

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87

Three-Point Lighting

Uses key, fill, and backlight to illuminate subject

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88

Producer

Concerned with business organization, budget, staff and crew

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89

Assistant Producer

Assists producer with coordinating appointments, schedules, contracts

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90

Director

Responsible for visualizing script or event, overseeing script writing

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91

Assistant Director

Supports director in various ways depending on production type

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92

Floor Manager

Primary representative for director when not on set or in studio

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93

Technical Director

Operates television in control room

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94

Single-Camera Production

Using one camera to shoot entire segment or show

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95

Storyboard

Series of rough sketches to visualize camera treatment

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96

Depth of Field

Distance between nearest and farthest objects in focus

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97

Prime Lens

Lens with fixed focal length

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98

Microphone Pickup Patterns

Omnidirectional, Nondirectional, Unidirectional

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99

Natural Sound (NAT Sound)

Recording ambient or environmental sounds on location

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100

Grip Clamps

Used to easily attach lights to various surfaces

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