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Plant Kingdom
Characteristics:
Eukaryotic
Multicellular
perform photosynthesis
autotrophic
Cell wall made of cellulose
Sessile
Alternation of generations
Alterntaion of Generations:
Life cycle that occurs in plants
Multicellular gametophyte (n), alternates with multicellular sporophyte (2n)
Depending on the plant one stage is more dominant than the other
How is this different from animals?
Animal somatic cells undergo meiosis, producing gametes. During fertilization the two unit and form a zygote
Sporophytes in plants divide by meiosis, to produce spores. the spores then undergo mitosis to develop a multicellular gametophyte. It matures and produces gametes. The gametes undergo fertilization forming a zygote which matures into a sporophyte.
An ancestor of pants: charophyte
Plant Group | Common Name | Representative organisms | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
bryophytes | Mosses (and Allies) | - non-vascular-reproduce using spores-grow low to the ground-require water for reproduction | |
Pteridophytes | ferns (and Allies) | - vascular Leaves are called fronds- reproduce using spores - spores encased in packets on the underside of the frond called sori-require water for reproduction | |
Gymnosperms | Conifers | - Vascular-reproduce using seeds-seeds are “naked” and develop on the scales of female cones - male cones are smaller and grow in clusters at the tips of branches- male cones spread by wind to female cones -sperm +egg = seed -seed falls to the ground and germinates into a new plant | |
Angiosperms | Flowering plants | - vascular-reproduce using seeds(covered/coated)- Pollen is carried by wind/animals -Once the seed is produced, the flower becomes fruit-seeds are then dispersed to the ground by various mechanisms and germinate into new plants |