Anthro - terminology

Status received through doing something

Status received through being born into a specific identity

Feelings of alienation from others

behavior, strategy, or technique for obtaining food and surviving in an environment. For us (in anthro), the most interesting adaptation is cultural

Person or group of minorities being absorbed into another society

level of political integration made of a loose association of families living together. Bands are kept through marriage, descent, friendship, and common interest. No economic class differentiation Adults of same gender have about equal power in community decision

the reinformcement of an ethnic group’s unity & distinctness by emphasizing what sets them apart from other instead of what is in common between them

Administrative system that delegates governing tasks to specific people/departments

Political system with a more-or-less permanent political leader but no bureaucracy

Group of people as a unit due to similar social & economic circumstances

Western nations that have colonized others

Suspending one’s ethnographic judement to understand and appreciate a culture

full range of learned behavior patterns acquired by members of a society Interconnected whole consisting of the knowledge, belief, morals, customs, law, etc learned from parents/others in society

Feelings of despair/depression due to trauma of moving to a new plaace

movement of cultural traits/ideas from one society/ethnic group to anotherd

social links between ancestors & descendents

relatively wealthy, industrialized society

Jobs assigned based on specific traits, ie gender

societies where everyone is equal in economic & political rights

rule for marriage selection requiring that the s/o is within a specific social group (extended family, religious community, ethnic/age group, economic class…)

rule for marriage selection requiring that the s/o is someone outside a defined social group (nuclear family, economic class, etc)

Categorization of things according to how the members of the society classify it (how their language/culture divides reality) (Ex: sacrifice is necessary to ensure the prosperity of all)

How things are classified based on external system of analysis from a visitor of another country (Ex: sacrifice is a brutal, unnecessary practice that achieves nothing but meaningless death)

Socially recognized link between individuals created to deal with special relationships (like that between godparent & their godchild)

group of people differentiated by shared social & physical characteristics

belief that your culture is superior to others

System of internalized structures, action, views common to those in the same group or class; learned set of preferences through which a person views the world

Pierre Bourdieu

adaptation of world culture to partucular local conditions (like altering globalization to fit your tastes; mcdonaldization-core ish)

social & psychological forces present in interactions between different groups/societies Ex: clear communication & cultural diffusion inhibited by ethnocentrism & desire to defend ethnic boundaries

culturally defined relationships between people with family ties

impersonal, highly efficient method of production/distribution/exchange Characterized by the 1. the use of money for exchange, 2. ability to accumulate mass amounts of capital, 3. complex international economic interactions

conceptions of appropriate & expected behavior held by most members of society

how food & necessities are created in a society

daily physical & emotional participation in another society’s social interactions to learn about its culture. Usually requires living in a community & becoming a member, establishing close friendships, eating the same foods, learning the language, and taking part in normal family activities

relationship between people that involves a mutual exchange of gifts, goods, services, etc

ritual ceremonies that mark the transition between phases of life

stylized, repetitive actions at a set time and location

economic exchange to distribute a society’s wealth differently than how it was before (Examples: charity, progressive tax income systems)

part of society that one is expected to play

process of acquiring culture while growing up

social position of a person

fixed notion/conception of people based on group identity

?

item/idea/sound that is given meaning by a person or a group

social struction/institution prevents people from meeting basic needs

coined by Johan Galtung (1969), norwegian sociologist

social order is ignored or considered natural, justifies violence and inequalities

Both parties unconsciously agree upon a difference in power, unconsciously reinforce status quo seen as the norm within a social group

Not necessarily a conscious choice by the hegemonic power

nation where most people are persistently poor due to how they are integrated in the world economic system

web of internalized motivations, beliefs, and perceptions that affect how one interacts with others