definitions

The variety of living organisms in an ecosystem

The organisation of organisms into groups

A measure of species richness and species evenness

The number of individuals of each species living together in a community

the number of different species found within an area

differences between members of different species

differences between members of the same species

a measure of the variety of genes that make up a species

a measure of the number of different habitats found within an area

A type of conservation that takes place within an organism’s natural habitat e.g. wildlife reserves, marine conservation zones.

A type of conservation that takes place outside of an organism’s natural habitat e.g. zoos, botanic gardens, seed banks

A treaty that promotes the sustainable use and maintain of biodiversity. One of three Rio conventions

a treaty that regulates the trade of plants and wild animals across international borders

A scheme in England (1991-2014) that aimed to provide financial incentives to farmers to enhance and conserve the environment.

Describes changes in the community of organisms occupying a certain area over time.

a type of succession in which pioneer species colonise a newly formed or exposed area of land

the community of organisms (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components of an area and their interaction

The conversion of nitrate ions to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria

the maximum population size that can be supported by an environment

the production of ammonium compounds when decomposers feed on organic nitrogen-containing molecules

the chromosomes produced by the crossing over and exchange of genes during metaphase 1

a cell found in the eaves of plants which contains many chloroplasts and us specialised to carry out photosynthesis

A type of white blood cell with multi-lobed nucleus which is specialised to engulf and destroy pathogens

the exchange of genetic material between two chromosomes in a bivalent

a source of variation in meiosis where the bivalent chromosomes can line up either way around on the metaphase plate

the division of the cytoplasm at the end of mitosis to produce two new daughter cells

the effect produced by placing plant cells in a hypertonic solution causing the cell to shrivel from water loss, resulting in the membrane pulling away from the rigid cell wall

a molecule with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts

a mostly hydrophobic molecule that sits in the hydrophobic portion of the membrane and regulates membrane fluidity

a type of cofactor that is bound loosely to an enzyme with weak interaction

a non-protein molecule that is needed for the effective functioning of an enzyme

used to describe the fact that the same codon codes for the same amino acids in all organisms

is only part of one codon and that each codon is read one at a time in order.

some amino acids can be coded for by multiple different codons.

protein with a prosthetic group bound to it