Bio 1500 Schul Mizzou Exam 4

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circular

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Biology

155 Terms

1

circular

the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are ________ in regards to carbon

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2

build natural things

carbon products of photosynthesis are used to ________________

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3

decomposition and respiration

in what ways do plants and animals return carbon back into the environment (2 ways)

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4

lots of photosynthesis, burial of carbon

name the two reasons for an imbalance in the carbon cycle leading to an increased O2 level during the carboniferous

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5

lignin

what product caused the burial of carbon during the carboniferous

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6

drier climate, decomposition facilitated by sandy sediments, fungi evolved to break down lignin

what are 3 hypothesized reasons for decline in O2 during the late permian period

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7

reduction of photosynthesis

what did a drier climate during the late permian period cause

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8

reduced burial of carbon

what did the decomposition of lignin cause

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9

O2 levels

what drops as more carbon enters cellular respiration

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10

more carbon burial

more lignin = __________________

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11

less O2

more carbon burial = ____________

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12

less carbon burial

lignin decomposition = _____________

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13

more O2

less carbon burial =______________

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14

CO2 in the air

where does most of the matter in organic carbons come from

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15

molecular

involving structure or behavior of molecules

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16

molecular

identify at which level this process occurs: genes and alleles

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17

molecular

identify at which level this process occurs: organic molecules

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18

molecular

identify at which level this process occurs: channel proteins

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19

molecular

identify at which level this process occurs: ion gradients

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20

molecular

identify at which level this process occurs: DNA structure

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21

cellular

processes performed by cells

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22

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: cellular respiration

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23

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: fermentation

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24

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: photosynthesis

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25

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: diffusion

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26

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: ATP synthase

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27

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: Energy

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28

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: role of gradients

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29

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: organelles

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30

cellular

identify at which level this process occurs: prokaryotes v. eukaryotes

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31

organismal

physiology of plants, animals, fungi, etc. - how they work

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32

organismal

identify at which level this process occurs: dragonfly size

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33

organismal

identify at which level this process occurs: respiratory system

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34

organismal

identify at which level this process occurs: insect respiration

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35

organismal

identify at which level this process occurs: phenotypes

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36

ecological

interactions between species or between organisms and environment

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37

ecological

identify at which level this process occurs: O2 selection on body size

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38

ecological

identify at which level this process occurs: species interaction

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39

ecological

identify at which level this process occurs: predation

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40

ecological

identify at which level this process occurs: decomposition

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41

ecological

identify at which level this process occurs: fungi breaking down lignin

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42

ecological

identify at which level this process occurs: carbon cycle

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43

ecological

identify at which level this process occurs: fluctuation of O2 level

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44

ecological

identify at which level this process occurs: coal formation

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45

evolutionary

topics related to change over time

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46

evolutionary

identify at which level this process occurs: natural selection

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47

evolutionary

identify at which level this process occurs: selection of body size

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48

evolutionary

identify at which level this process occurs: deep time

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49

evolutionary

identify at which level this process occurs: allele frequencies

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50

evolutionary

identify at which level this process occurs: history of life

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51

8846 meters

recall the elevation of Mt. Everest

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52

death zone

the zone above 8000m. O2 level is only 1/3 of sea level meaning that the body uses up oxygen faster than it can replenish it

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53

india and mongolia

what are the places Bar Headed Geese migrate between

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54

they fly above the himalayas

what is remarkable about the migration of Bar Headed Geese

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55

inhalation

brings air inside

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56

O2 diffusion to RBC

what occurs after inhalation

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57

hemoglobin

what does O2 bind to

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58

O2 released from hemoglobin

what happens in order for O2 to be diffused to cells

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59

cellular respiration

what process is O2 used in during the process of respiration

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60

hemoglobin

what is CO2 dissolved in after cellular respiration

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61

blood

what is used to transport CO2 and non oxygenated RBC back to the lung

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62

exhalation

CO2 diffusion into air

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63

gas exchange

gas crossing respiratory surfaces (O2 into the bloodstream)

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64

tidal volume

the amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs with each respiratory cycle

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65

vital capacity

max volume of air inhaled and exhaled when breathing hard

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66

alveoli

tiny air sacs at the end of bronchioles. where gas exchange takes place. huge surface area

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67

ventilation

breathing

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68

close contact of air and blood, large surface area, capillary network runs on outside of alveoli

what makes diffusion within alveoli so affective

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69

2 cells

what is the thickness separating RBC and air

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70

high to low

diffusion moves O2 and CO2 from _______________ concentrations

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71

air to blood

which way does O2 move

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72

blood to air

which way does CO2 move

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73

hemoglobin

what does O2 bind to in RBC

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74

lungs, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli

what are the 6 respiratory organs

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75

lungs

one of a pair of organs in the chest that supplies the body with O2, and removes CO2 from body

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76

trachea

airway that leads from larynx to bronchi

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77

bronchi

large air passages that lead from trachea to lungs

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78

bronchioles

tiny branch of air tubes in the lungs

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79

alveolar ducts

narrow ending of bronchioles that opens into a cluster of alveoli

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80

capillary network around alveoli

where gas exchange from air goes into RBC

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81

residual lung volume

air in your lungs that is not exchanged

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82

keeps alveoli open, allows for continual gas exchange to occur between breaths

what is the purpose of residual lung volume

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83

21 kPa

atmospheric PO2 at sea level

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84

.04 kPa

atmospheric PCO2 at sea level

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85

12 kPa

PO2 in lungs

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86

5 kPa

PCO2 in lungs

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87

residual lung volume is mostly CO2

why is the PCO2 in lungs much higher than in atmosphere

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88

your body is using the gases, air is humidified in lungs, CO2 is mixing with O2, mixing of used air with fresh air in lungs

what are some reasons for the large difference between atmospheric and lung partial pressure values

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89

yes

is the composition of air the same at all atmospheric levels

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90

atmospheric pressure is less

why is there different partial pressures at different atmospheric levels

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91

100 kPa

atmospheric pressure at sea level

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92

78 kPa

PN2 at sea level

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93

33.7 kPa

atmospheric level in himalayas

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94

26 kPa

PN2 in himalayas

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95

7 kPa

PO2 in himalayas

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96

.01 kPa

PCO2 in himalayas

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97

concentration of gas

percentage of air made up of that gas

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98

partial pressure

concentration times atmospheric pressure

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99

alpha carbon in middle, carbon backbone, connected by peptide bonds

what are three similarities between amino acids

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100

R group, folding/interaction, structures

what are three differences between amino acids

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