Lap 1 History Test

The line that split the world in half between Spain and Portugal. Caused by the Treaty of Tordesillas

A small group of Puritans who broke away from the Chruch

A system rewarding people with 50 acres of land

Servants who signed a contract agreeing to work for a long period of time for free

crops grown for the purpose of selling for profit (tobacco)

rules based off the beliefs that slaves were property, not people

Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware

An act that required the colonists to pay a tax, represented by a stamp, on various forms of papers, documents, and playing cards

A direct response to British taxation policies in the North American colonies. The colonies dumped British Tea in the Boston Harbor

A riot in Boston arising from the resentment of Boston colonists toward British troops quartered in the city, in which the troops fired on the mob and killed several persons

The Battles of Lexington and Concord, fought on April 19 1775 kicked off the American Revolutionary War

Thomas Paine convinced many that separation from Great Britain was a good idea

A land agreement that created the Northwest Territory, letting the United States expand into the Great Lakes area and it told the territories how to become a state

It determined that three out of every five slaves was counted when determining a state’s total population for legislative representation and taxation

An agreement made among the delegates to the Constitutional Convention that the American government would have two houses in Congress

A series of eighty-five essays urging the citizens of New York to ratify the new United States Constitution

Land Bridge. During the Ice Age. Following a herd of animals

Environments

Developed agriculture. Became hunter-gathers and ate more plants

Spilt the world in half between Spain and Portugal. Spain was in control of the Americas except for modern Brazil.

• Upsides

  • Europeans were introduced to goods such as pumpkins, chocolate, etc. New Animals in Europe (can hunt on horses now)

• Downsides

  • New Diseases Forced conversion and Labor Warfare/Conflict

Natives' loss of life and culture

• Settlers believed land should be bought and owned. Native Americans believed land shouldn’t be owned and is for all.

• Settlers try to force their religious beliefs on Native Americans. Native Americans resisted the Settlers

• Slaves were kept very close together

• 1-2 buckets/holes/barrels for bathrooms for hundreds of slaves

• No amenities

• Went between Europe and The Americas with slaves

After war ended King Charles took over

Gold, Glory, God

• The Virginia settlers: discovered that growing tobacco was the only sure way of making money

• The New England settlers: were following their ministers in a migration

Virginian settlers were migrating because of money and New England migrated because of religion.

Both of these are in response to English settlement and expansion, taking of Native American territory, resources, and people

• Cooperation: Some trade and mutual benefits (food/resources)

• Conflicts: Warfare…Superior technology (guns, horses, wheels…) Forced labor/ forced conversion Disease

The American Natives were fighting to maintain control of their land and their cultural future. The French claimed the Upper Ohio River Valley. They wanted to trade with the American Indians and control the area. The British also claimed the Upper Ohio River Valley (control over the Ohio River Valley)

British get Canada and lands to the Mississippi River

• Religiously

• Economically

• Politically

The Proclamation of 1763 outlawed new settlements in the Ohio Valley. Colonies are mad because they fought for the land and they still didn’t get it

Britain thought that colonies should pay for protection and help with debt

The Petition emphasized their loyalty to the British crown and emphasized their rights as British citizens

• British winning most of the time

• Control major cities, battlefield victories

Home field, tactics

• To explain why they fought

  • Listing of 27 grievances

• Saratoga: France joined America’s side

• Yorktown: The surrender of the British

Recognized American independence and established borders for the new nation

• Main job: make war and peace; conduct foreign affairs

• Structure: centered on the legislative branch, which was comprised of a single house

Each state would have one vote in Congress

• Powers: declare war, appoint military officers, sign treaties

• Limitations: could not raise funds, regulate trade, or conduct foreign policy

Exposed the weakness of the government under the Articles of Confederation

• Powers: make laws, declare war

• Limitations: Congress cannot require states of their officials to adopt or enforce federal laws

• Jamestown

  • Labor: Slaves and indentured servants (young men)

  • Settlement: far apart

  • Economy: cash crops, tobacco

• Plymouth

  • Labor: family members

  • Settlement: close together

  • Economy: fishing, grain, livestock, timber, shipping, merchants

• Jamestown

  • Location: Swampy

  • Social Characteristics: people died of diseases; slow population growth

• Plymouth

  • Location: Healthier climate

  • Social Characteristics: Longer lives; rapid population growth

• British

  • Strengths: army/navy, loyalists, Iroquois

  • Weaknesses: distance

• American

  • Strengths: home field, tactics

  • Weaknesses: little to no training, no money

The Articles’ influence resided with the states, and the Constitution was declared the law of the lad when it was ratified

They feared that the new national government would be too powerful