United States History II Honors Midterm Study Set

A pact that condemned war as a way to solve conflicts; led to appeasement politics

Conferences in which world powers agreed on a set amount of naval ships allowed; resulted in Japan becoming angered as they were allowed fewer ships.

give dictators what they want, in hopes they won't want more

Japanese aircraft sank the USS Panay on China's River, Japan claimed they didn't see the American Flags on the ship and paid affected families.

A way of organizing a society in which a government ruled by a dictator controls the lives of the people and in which people are not allowed to disagree with the government

Americans cannot travel on belligerent ships, belligerents could not purchase non-military goods, and must pay cash; cash and carry

occupied by German troops in March 1936

acquired by Germany after Munich Conference

when Germany acquired Sudtenland from Czechoslovakia

dictator of Germany provided scapegoats to manipulate German citizens

America will lease ships out to help the allies

"lended" US war materials to the "Government of any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the US."

a time of economic changes, productivity, and high employment

Germany advances into Britain's main island though mostly air strike attacks

Americans were taken completely by surprise, the first wave targeted airfields, with a second using ships

major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of WWII; became the turning point of the pacific war

bloody battle located on the Beaches of Normandy, France; GOAL: land and drive out the Germans

war strategy in the pacific, bypassing major strong points hitting weak spots, and gaining air superiority

landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States to uphold the exclusion of Japanese Americans from the West Coast Military Area during World War II

end of the depression, growth in the federal government workforce, wages rose and union memberships thrived

"war production board" supplies military

coordinated military and labor needs

started to expose waste and fraud in defense of the military, personal inspections of factories, and military installations that saved taxpayers $

war bonds, borrowing from banks and private investors, raising taxes, and spending more than 321 billion

office of price administration controlled prices and inflation, rations, shortages, and controls

16.1 million Americans served in WWII with an estimated 292,000 soldiers killed

kept up morale; convinced citizens to ration, and campaign for war bonds, many women were encouraged into factory work and coordinated the release of war news

began working to fill jobs that traditionally men filled, faced gender discrimination, lower wages, and concerns with children

15-18 million died, and victims were primarily Jews, Slavs, and Roma, Hitler scapegoated this group of people based on a traditional underlying hatred of Jews in the country

"Race Science" scientific attempts at racial purity, legitimization of racial hatred from the Nazi regime

Anti-semitism and race science

aimed to eliminate Jewish influence in german life

Jews were rounded up from all over Europe and forced into walled cities; ghettos in Poland and Russia

Jews and others were systematically eliminated with increasingly efficient methods

Jews scattered throughout Europe

Jews blended into the society of western Europe

Jews live in separate communities in Eastern Europe

Indictments: Crimes Against Peace, Crimes Against Humanity, War Crimes

"We were just following orders"

Special Mobile unit made of 500-1000 hand-picked soldiers tasked to seek out and kill Jews, communist officials, and any other enemies

effective way of extermination; 40-50 people could be killed at a time

anti-jewish riots across Germany, Jewish homes ransacked, Jewish businesses and synagogues burned, Jews sent to concentration camps

Nazis euthanized handicapped, and mentally ill and incurably 11-70,000 killed

consumer oriented with many new electric products that transformed daily life such as radios and cars

republicans controlled congress with a hands-off approach to regulation

economic weaknesses, overproduction of agriculture, the coal, railroad, and textile industries being in distress, auto and construction were in decline, and small bank failures

vets wanted their pension checks early the military had to force them out of Washington America was mad

Hoover gave no direct relief and was blamed for the worsening conditions

Roosevelt's policy to end the Great Depression

creates a welfare state, increase federal power, shift the balance of power from congress to the president, deficit spending, and labor unions

to help businesses recover

to help the unemployed people

to keep depression from happening again

emergency banking act that gave FDR power over the banks and foreign exchange. Banks could reopen when they could prove they were solvent

the first woman ever to serve on a presidential cabinet

Congress determines how many federal judges/ justices there are; FDR proposed for every justice who reaches 70 the president may choose an additional judge

set that the government had a responsibility for the aged, the disabled, the dependent, and those temporarily unemployed

national minimum wage, 40-hour work weeks, outlawed child labor

to construct dams and power plants along the Tennessee Valley as well as fertilizer plants

gave grants to states to fund relief efforts

provides mortgage insurance on single-family, multifamily, manufactured home, and hospital loans

built highways, public buildings, parks, bridges, and airports; money for the arts to employ writers, performers, and artists

refinances farm mortgages and offers credit under favorable terms

workers were permitted to unionize, bargain collectively, strike

ran union elections and settled disputes

provided work immediately for young men in rainforestation, road construction, and developing national parks

monitored the wall street

all property is collectively owned, labor is organized for the common advantage of the community, everyone works to the best of their ability, no social classes, no need for central government authority, and no religion

of historical change takes place through a conflict of opposing ideas

all classes would disappear and class struggles would end