Jiva
________: Soul, which is completely individual, eternal and weighed down by karma, thus preventing its ascent to realms of bliss after death.
Sallekhana
________: Fasting unto death, ideal form of death undertaken by both ascetics and laypeople, not considered suicide.
Digambaras
________: Sky- clad sect of Jainism which focus on total nudity as clothing is seen as a form of attachment and therefore, women can not reach moksha.
Swastika
________: A symbol in Jainism, with each arm symbolizing the four states of existence: heavenly beings, human beings, hellish beings, and the subhuman (plants and animals)
Pratikramana
________: A ritual during which Jains repent for their sins and non- meritorious activities committed knowingly or inadvertently during their daily life through thought, speech or action.
Caturmas
________: A holy period of four months from July to October, in which travel is curtailed and fasting is frequent.
indigenous Indic culture
Beginnings of Jainism: Not known, but possibly rooted in ________ before Aryan and Vedic age.
Dharma
________: The medium of motion that creates the condition for motion.
Ahimsa
________: Nonviolence, to prevent new karma from accumulating.
Rsabha
________: The first tirthankara of our current time cycle, also called Adinath.
Siddhashila
________: A place one goes after obtaining moksha.
Svetambaras
________: White- clad sect of Jainism which wear distinctive white garb, women are capable of moksha.
Namaskara Mantra
________: Hymn to the twenty- four Jinas, which destroys all sinful karma and of all holies is the most holy.
Pandita Marana
________: Someone who is not afraid of death and who accepts it willingly and at ease.
Tirthankara
________: A saviour who has succeeded in crossing over life's stream of rebirths and has made a path for others to follow through meditation and self- realization, each was born at a time when humanity needed a new vision of religion, also known as a Jina.
Shravanabelagola
________: An ancient pilgrimage centre and rock statue of Bahubali located in Karnataka, India, which is said to be the largest monolithic statue in the world.
Kalpa Sutra
________: Scripture revered by the svetambara sect, which contains the life stories of the tirthankaras.
Arihantas
________: Liberated beings.
Loka
________: World /universe, which is without beginning or end and contains of the siddhashila of liberated jivas, the upper world of heavenly beings, the middle world of humans and animals, and the lower world of hellish beings.
Anekanta
________: Refers to doctrine about metaphysical truths that states that the ultimate truth and reality is complex and has multiple aspects.
Mahavira
________: The twenty- fourth and last Tirthankara, who became a follower of Parsva and renounced all his wealth, property and family to become an ascetic and achieved Kevala- Jnana.
Adharma
________: The medium of rest that creates the condition of rest.
Siddhanta
________: Jain scriptures compiled during 1000 years between death of Mahavira and Valabhi Council in 5th C, CE.
Vardhamana
________: The given name of Mahavira.
Siddh Loka
________: Abode of the liberated soul.
Tapas
________: Heat, asceticism, to eliminate the old karma.
Upangas
________: Scripture of the svetambara sect, meaning "subsidiary texts.
Hagiography
________: The writing of the lives of saints.
Malli
________: The nineteenth female tirthankara.
Moksha
________: Liberation, release from the cycle of rebirths.
Parsva
________: The twenty- third Tirthankara.
Dipavali
________: A festival marking the anniversary of Mahavira's liberation, which is celebrated at the same time as the Hindu festival of the same name.
Agamas
________: A collection of scriptures revered by the svetambara sect consisting of the angas and the kalpa sutra.
Candragupta Maurya
________: The founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India who supported the Jain tradition.
Angas
________: Scripture of the svetambara sect, meaning the limbs, thought to be lost by the digambara sect.
Samyak Jnana
________: Right knowledge, opposite of false views.
Anga Bahy Upangas
________: Scripture of the svetambara sect, meaning outside the limbs.
One Sense Jivas
________: Microscopic organisms and plants, only sense is touch.
opposite of passions
Samyak Caritra: Right conduct, ________.
Acharyas
Spiritual leaders
Achaurya
Non-stealing
Adharma
The medium of rest that creates the condition of rest
Agamas
A collection of scriptures revered by the svetambara sect consisting of the angas and the kalpa sutra
Ahimsa
Nonviolence, to prevent new karma from accumulating
Ajiva
Without soul
Akasha
Space
Anekanta
Refers to doctrine about metaphysical truths that states that the ultimate truth and reality is complex and has multiple aspects
Anga Bahy/Upangas
Scripture of the svetambara sect, meaning outside the limbs
Angas
Scripture of the svetambara sect, meaning the limbs, thought to be lost by the digambara sect
Aparigraha
Non-possession
Ardhamagadhi
A Middle Indian language used in Jain texts
Arihantas
Liberated beings
Asrava
Inflow of karma
Beginnings of Jainism
Not known, but possibly rooted in indigenous Indic culture before Aryan and Vedic age
Brahmacharya
Sexual purity
Candragupta Maurya
The founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India who supported the Jain tradition
Caturmas
A holy period of four months from July to October, in which travel is curtailed and fasting is frequent
Cause of Passions
Previously accumulated karma, which ripens and gives rise to attachment, which leads to the passions
Danas
Charity
Devapuja
Worship of tirthankaras
Dharma
The medium of motion that creates the condition for motion
Digambaras
Sky-clad sect of Jainism which focus on total nudity as clothing is seen as a form of attachment and therefore, women cannot reach moksha
Digha Nikaya
Long discourses of the Buddha
Dipavali
A festival marking the anniversary of Mahavira's liberation, which is celebrated at the same time as the Hindu festival of the same name
Five Auspicious Events in Mahavira's Life
Conception of Mahavira, birth, renunciation, enlightenment, and final release
Five Great Vows
Ahimsa, achaurya, brahmacharya, satya, and aparigraha
Five Types of Ajiva
Dharma, adharma, pudgala, akasha, and kala
Five-Sense Jivas
Humans, with all five senses of touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing
Four-Sense Jivas
Flies, senses are touch, taste, smell, and sight
Guru-Upasti
Veneration of teachers
Hagiography
The writing of the lives of saints
Jains
Followers of the Jina
Jinas
Tirthankaras
Jiva
Soul, which is completely individual, eternal and weighed down by karma, thus preventing its ascent to realms of bliss after death
Kala
Time
Kalpa Sutra
Scripture revered by the svetambara sect, which contains the life stories of the tirthankaras
Kashayas
Four passions
Kevala-Jnana
Omniscience
Krodha
Anger
Lobha
Greed
Loka
World/universe, which is without beginning or end and contains of the siddhashila of liberated jivas, the upper world of heavenly beings, the middle world of humans and animals, and the lower world of hellish beings
Maha-Vratas
Five great vows
Mahamastabhiseka
Grand head anointing
Mahavira
The twenty-fourth and last Tirthankara, who became a follower of Parsva and renounced all his wealth, property and family to become an ascetic and achieved Kevala-Jnana
Malli
The nineteenth female tirthankara
Mana
Pride
Maya
Deceit
Moksha
Liberation, release from the cycle of rebirths
Murti
Image
Namaskara Mantra
Hymn to the twenty-four Jinas, which destroys all sinful karma and of all holies is the most holy
Nigoda
One-sense jivas, microscopic organisms
One-Sense Jivas
Microscopic organisms and plants, only sense is touch
Paap
Bad karma particles
Panca Kalyanaka
Five auspicious events
Pandita-Marana
Someone who is not afraid of death and who accepts it willingly and at ease
Parsva
The twenty-third Tirthankara
Pratikramana
A ritual during which Jains repent for their sins and non-meritorious activities committed knowingly or inadvertently during their daily life through thought, speech or action
Pudgala
Matter
Puja
Act of worship
Punya
Good karma particles