Studied by 6 peopleElectrolysis
Splitting up an ionic compound using electricity
Electrodes
Solid conductors made from metal or graphite
Cathode
Negative electrode
Anode
Positive electrode
The cathode goes on the…
Left
The anode goes on the…
Right
You join the electrodes with a …
Wire so electrons can flow between them
What will you need to drive the flow of electrons?
A power supply
Electrolyte
A solution that contains an ionic compound
Ions in an electrolyte are…
Free to move
If the ionic compound is soluble, you…
Dissolve it in water so the ions can move
If the ionic compound is insoluble, you…
Melt it so the ions can move
Negative ions are attracted to the
Anode
Positive ions are attracted to the
Cathode
When the ions reach their electrode, they are
Discharged- turned from a charged ion to a neutral atom
A metal is formed at the…
Cathode me
Metals turn into
Molten sludge at the bottom of the beaker
Non metals are formed at the
Anode nome
Non metals mostly form a
Gas which floats off
Oxidation
The loss of electrons
Reduction
The gain of electrons
Oxidation occurs at the
Anode (oxi)
Reduction occurs at the
Cathode (re)
Metals mostly exist as
Oxides
To get a pure metal through electrolysis, you…
Reduce the oxide and remove the oxygen
What method would you use to reduce an oxide
Reduction with carbon
How does reaction with carbon work?
The carbon displaces the oxygen in the oxide
When does reduction with carbon work?
When the metal is less reactive than carbon
To make a metal oxide molten, you…
Purify it, mix it with cryolite to lower the melting point and melt it
In aqueous solutions there will also be…
Hydrogen and hydroxide ions from the water
The hydroxide ions and metals ions are drawn to…
The cathode and the least reactive element is discharged
At the anode a … is formed…
Non metal and hydroxide or oxygen, and if a halide is present it will be discharged
Aqueous electrolysis is done at normal temperatures so…
The metal accumulates around the cathode
Note
Flashcard