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Range: Temperature
97.8 to 99 °F
Range: Heart Rate
60-100 beats per minute
Range: Respiratory Rate
12-20 breaths per minute
Range: oxygen saturation (SpO2)
95-99%
Range: Blood Pressure
less than 120/ less than 80 mmHg
How to track Temp
Thermometer
How to track Heart Rate
Fingers on neck or wrist to track pulse ( wrist for radial artery and carotid for neck) Time for 1 min
How to track Respiratory Rate
Count breaths with 1 min timer on
How to track SpO2
Pulse Oximeter on finger
How to track Blood Pressure
Sphygmomanometer (cuff around arm thingy)
BMI (body mass index)
Measure of body fat
Triage
Who needs help more in order
Ex: Little Timmy was in a car and it just drove off the cliff and exploded. Now he could suffer life changing injuries. 😵💀💣💥🌋
Little Jimmy has a boo boo on his knee
Who do you help first?
Homeostasis
Maintaining stable internal conditions
120/80 mmHg
120 (Top Number) = Systolic Pressure
80 (Bottom Number) = Diastolic Pressure
ophthalmoscope
instrument used to examine the interior of the eye
otoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the ear
HIPPA
Protect patient privacy
PHI
Personal Health Information
Type 1 Diabetes
Develops during childhood
Insulin dependent
High blood Glucose
Severe deficiency of insulin
type 2 diabetes
Develops in adults
Insulin resistant
High Blood Glucos
Cell receptors in the body don't respond to insulin
Insulin
Protein hormone secreted by pancreas, activates receptors to open glucose transporter
Mitochondria
What glucose enters into through the transporter
The powerhouse of the cell 🤓👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆👆
Negative feedback
Stops original action so you can do something more beneficial or quit overall
positive feedback
Supports previous action so you keep doing it
Glucagon
hormone that raises blood glucose levels
Glycogen
Stored form of glucose that's many clumped glucose molecules
Glucose
A simple sugar that is an important source of energy.
Pancreas
makes insulin and enzymes to help with digestion
Metabolism
The chemical reaction processes of breaking down molecules for energy and using simple building blocks to to make more complex molecules.
In simple words, digestion system process and how it makes energy and cells
Hormone
Signaling molecule, each kind has specific effects veri cool
Cholesterol
Lipid that helps prevent heart disease and is a waxy substance that is absorbed from food and is transported to all cells. Used to make hormones and vitamins.
LDL
a lipoprotein that transports cholesterol to cells
HDL
a lipoprotein responsible for removing excess cholesterol from the blood stream and transports to the liver
MORE HDL = Not bad because it’s only removing excess
Electrolytes
Minerals in your body juices that help you do regular functions
BUN
Waste products filtered out of the blood by the kidneys. If they're too high, your kidneys aren’t working well. Low BUN gives a chance for liver disease risk
Hyperglycemia
High Blood Glucose
Hypoglycemia
Low Blood Glucose
Chemical Reactions
Process where atoms are rearranged to transform matter
ATP
Energy
Demeanor
Behavior towards patient
Tact
Sensitivity (choice of words)
Empathy
Ability to share and understand the feelings of another
Hyperthermia
Abnormal hot body temperature
Hypothermia
Abnormal cold body temperature
Systolic Pressure
Pressure in the arteries when heart contracts (Pushes blood throughout the body)
Diastolic Pressure
Pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest (Allows chambers to fill with blood)
Brachial Artery
Where blood flows and is involved with tracking blood pressure but Idk how just remember that
Hypertension
Abnormally High Blood Pressure
Liver
Produces cholesterol and filters blood and breaks down bad substances
CBC
Complete Blood Count that tests for amounts of Blood Cells
Includes
RBC
WBC
Hemoglobin
Hematocrit
Platelets
Erythrocytes (RBC)
Cells that transports oxygen
Leukocytes (WBC)
Cells that fight infection and maintain health
Hemoglobin
O2 carrying proteins in RBC
Hematocrit
Proportion of RBC (Percentage by volume so another way of saying amount ig)
Platelets
Cell fragments that assist with clotting
Anemia
Condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin
Without oxygen, water cannot be created in cellular respiration
Carbohydrates
Compounds that are Energy for cells
Lipids
Compounds insoluble to water, secondary source of energy
Protein
Made up of amino acids and a last resort of energy for cells
Nucleic Acids
Biomolecules that carry instructions to producing proteins
not energy
Asthma
Condition causing airways to narrow, swell, and produce extra mucus, leading to difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and coughing.
Oxygen Saturation
Measure of the amount of oxygen in the blood
Blood Pressure
Movement of blood through the vessels
Saturated fats
Increase LDL
Unsaturated fats
Decrease LDL
BMP
Helps doctors see body’s fluid balance and how the kidney’s are doing
Acute
Sudden and short duration, more treatable condition
Chronic
More serious and longer duration condition
Lymphatic system
Flashcard:
Network of vessels, tissues, and organs that circulate lymph.
Lymph
Clear fluid comprised of white blood cells and is important towards immune response
Look
Signs of abnormalities, injuries, or signs of infection or disease. Changes in the body too.
Ex: Swollen shows signs of infection
Red eyes are signs of disease or dryness
Growths on moles can be skin cancer
Moles - ABCDE
Criteria for dermatologists to check moles and determine if they’re signs of skin cancer
(Abnormalities and changes)
Listen
Changes to rhythm and predictable sounds the body makes can signal changes in structure and function
Ex:
Heart murmurs may show Mitral valve regurgitation
Noises such as crackles or wheezing indicate the presence of a condition in the lungs such as asthma
Exercise
Lowers body blood glucose and increases your body’s sensitivity to insulin, therefore countering type 2 diabetes
(Less body fat = more insulin sensitivity)
Triglycerides
Lipids that store unused calories and provide energy in your bloodstream