Where did the Celts come over from?
Central Europe
When can the influence of these Central European people (Celts) be seen in the artwork in Ireland?
Just before and after the first century BC
What part of the country in particular were these found?
North and north-western part of the country
Where di the name ‘La Tene’ originate from?
Originated from an area known as La Tene, near the river Neuchatel, along with the Celts that brought it over
What ceremony/ritual was part of the Celtic culture?
It was part of Celtic culture to throw objects into lakes as a ceremonial offering. La Tene is a prime example of a European Celtic site
What has been found in these lakes?
Great deposit of weapons and other objects were found in the Lake
This culture reached far beyond La Tene. What other areas did it have contact with?
The Mediterranean and Eastern Europe, including Greece.
Describe La Tene art form:
Varied, very repetitive, very decorative, motifs borrowed from Eastern and Greek ideas, emphasis on plant forms e.g honeysuckle, flowing tendrils, together blend into a distinctive style of abstract and curvilinear patterns
When and where did this style develop?
In Central Europe around 300 BC
When did the Celts first come to Ireland?
The First century AD
What skills did the Celtic people bring?
They added to the metalwork of the time, soldering and enamelling
Loughnashade Trumpet: material used:
Bronze
Loughnashade Trumpet: Found:
Armagh
Loughnashade Trumpet: Form/shape:
Long, large curved stem, elongated conical form
Loughnashade Trumpet: Technique:
Repousse technique
Loughnashade Trumpet: Decoration:
Curvilinear pattern
Loughnashade Trumpet: Made by:
Rolling a tube of bronze and riveting the sides to a strip on the insides
Loughnashade Trumpet: Mouthpiece is decorated by:
A rimmed circular disc
Loughnashade Trumpet: The design on mouthpiece:
Executed in repousse, is controlled and regular. Linear curves and spiral bosses are all in high relief, with larger spirals ending in curvilinear forms
Petrie crown: Got its name from:
George Petrie, a famous collector of nineteenth century antiques, who had it in his possession
Petrie crown: Material:
Bronze
Petrie crown: Function/use:
Crown
Petrie crown: Form:
Circular discs are mounted on a band of metal, with conical horns rising from behind discs. The band has a row of small holes suggesting fabric may have been stitched to it.
Petrie crown: Decoration:
Curvilinear low relief design. Cut away designs are composed of spiral designs and trumpet curves ending in stylised bird heads
Petrie crown: Method:
Cutting away the metal rather than casting or hammering
Petrie crown (disc attached to horn): shape:
Concave
Petrie crown (disc attached to horn): Decoration:
Trumpet curves sweeping out from the centre where there is a setting for a bird
Petrie crown (disc attached to horn): Left disc decoration:
Curves follow a different pattern and the central boss contains a stud of red enamel
Petrie crown (horn): made by:
Folding a sheet of bronze into a conical shape and riveting the edges to an under sheet of copper
Petrie crown (horn): decoration method:
The design was cut away after the horn was in position
Petrie crown (horn): design:
Curves sweep up and out from the base of the horn, ending in beautiful bird heads
Broighter collar: Found:
Broighter, co. Derry
Broighter collar: Material:
Gold
Broighter collar: Function:
Torc
Broighter collar: Made from:
Two thin sheets of gold rolled into hollow tubes. The decorated sheets of gold were rolled into tubes and soldered together. The tubes were filled with hot wax to heat the metal before bending into hoops (two half-hoops with a decorative fastener)
Broighter collar: Technique:
Repousse
Broighter collar: Decoration method:
Trumpet patterns and flowing tendrils were executed while still flat. The design, made in repousse, was worked down the centre of two flat pieces of gold, leaving broad, plain margins.
Broighter collar: design based on:
Foliage and leaf motifs
Broighter collar: Elaborate locking device: attached to:
Front end of each hoop
Broighter collar: Elaborate locking device: Form:
in the form o a cylindrical drum
Broighter collar: Elaborate locking device: Decorated by:
Bands of gold
Broighter collar: Elaborate locking device: Two parts of collar joined:
By a linking tube or a decoration hinge
Turoe stone: where:
Galway
Turoe stone: Form/shape:
Carved pillar stone. Cylindrical block of granite
Turoe stone: Made from/ material:
Made of native stone
Turoe stone: Compared to:
The metalwork of the time
Turoe stone: Top and sides decorated:
With a well- executed design of spirals, trumpets, circles and one single triskele
Turoe stone: Overall design:
A whirl of tendril and trumpet ornament covers the stone completely, but it is carefully planned to have four sides
Turoe stone: Around the base of the stone:
Is a more geometric pattern similar to a Greek step pattern
Turoe stone: Method used:
The decoration in low relief suggests that the artist was imitating, not repousse, but work in which the design was made by cutting away the background
Stone fort: example:
Dun Aengus
Stone fort: Where:
Aran island of Inishmore
Stone fort: Height above sea level:
280 feet
Stone fort: Composed of:
Three rings of stone walls with an abbatis and thousands of upright standing stone pillars to keep invaders out surrounding them