CH 12 Personality

a relatively stable disposition to behave in a particular and consistent way

openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism

Collaboration
Honesty
Generosity

Dependability
Organization
Punctuality

Cheerfulness
Leadership
Communication

Self-esteem
Self-consciousness
Resilience

Curiosity
Growth mindset
Creativity

An approach that regards personality as formed by needs, strivings, and desires largely operating outside of awareness

the part of the mind containing the drives present at birth; it is the sources of our bodily needs, wants, desires, and impulses, particularly our sexual and aggressive drives

the component of personality, developed through contact with the external world that enables us to deal with life's practical demands

the mental system that reflects the internalization of cultural rules, mainly learned as a parents exercise their authority

unconscious coping mechanisms that reduce the anxiety generated by threats from unacceptable impulses

the childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital)

Mouth: birth to 1 year
Fixation: agressions/dependency (drinking, eating smoking, nail biting)

Bowel And Bladder Control: 1 to 3 years
Fixation: anal-explusive, messy, wasteful, destructive. Anal-retentive: stringent, orderly, obsessive

Genitals: 3 to 6 years
Fixation: oedipus complex, castration anxiety, penis envy, womb envy

Dormant: 6 years to puberty
Fixation: immaturity, inability to form adult relationships

Maturation: puberty to death
Fixation: move from Id controlled self-focus into relationships with others due to matured Ego and Superego

emphasized a positive, optimistic view of human nature, highlighting inherent goodness and potential for personal growth

the human motive toward realizing our human potential

Self-actualization needs
Esteem needs
Belonging and Love needs
Safety needs
Physiological needs

a school of thought that regards personality as governed by an individual's ongoing choices and decisions in the context of the realities of life and death

Views personality in terms of how a person thinks about the situations encountered in daily life and behaves in response to them

the question of whether behavior is caused more by personality or by situational factors

dimensions people use in making sense of their experience

a person's tendency to perceive the control of rewards as internal to the self or external in the environment

a person's explicit knowledge of their own behaviors, traits, and other personality characteristics

the tendency to seek evidence to confirm the self-concept

the extent to which an individual likes, values, and accepts the self

people tend to take credit for their success but downplay for their failures

A method in which people provide subjective information about their own thoughts, feelings or behaviors, usually via questionnaires or interviews

Designed to reveal inner aspects of the individuals' personalities by analysis of their responses to a standard series of ambiguous stimuli

a projective technique in which respondents' inner thoughts and feelings are believed to be revealed by analysis of their responses to a set of unstructured inkblots

a projective technique in which respondents' underlying motives, concerns and the way they see the social world are believed to be revealed through analysis of the stories they make up about ambiguous pictures of people