American History Exam Study Guide

the location of a standoff between the Union and the Confederacy that lasted 33 hours with no casualties

states between the North and South that were divided over whether to remain in the Union or join the Confederacy

methods used by the South to persuade Great Britain and France to join the Confederacy by restricting the trade of cotton

the first major battle of the Civil War which took place in Manassas, Virginia and in which Confederate troops forced the Union soldiers to retreat

a battle in Virginia in which Confederate forces turned back General George B. McClellan

a battle in Virginia which Confederate forces turned back General John Pope

a battle known as the deadliest single day of fighting in the war, with 6,000 soldiers dead and 17,000 wounded

ships covered with iron armor

a battle in which General Ulysses S. Grant and troops headed south toward Corinth, Mississippi and fought the Confederacy near a church of the same name

a battle in which General Ulysses S. Grant surrounded and blockaded a town in Mississippi, splitting the Confederacy in two

freedom

a document that made it illegal for all people to own others as property, which technically made slavery illegal

items that are imported or exported illegally

one of the best-known African American regiments

a group of Union Democrats that were against the Civil War and wanted to make peace with the Confederates

a legal process that prohibits the government from jailing anyone without legal grounds

a battle that took away the Confederacy's hope of earning Britain and France as allies and inspired an address made by President Lincoln

an unsuccessful attempt to break through the Union's defense during the Battle of Gettysburg

a speech made by President Lincoln that honored those who fought in the Battle of Gettysburg and stated his plans for the nation

the building in which General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant, ending the Civil War

a period after the Civil War when people tried to rebuild the country

a plan by President Lincoln that offered amnesty to most Confederates and required 10% of voters to take an oath of loyalty to the Union

the amendment that ended slavery

an agency that helped freed African Americans by giving them resources and education

laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and assure the continuance of white supremacy

a group of Republicans that advocated for a more demanding approach to Reconstruction

a law that protected the rights of newly freed slaves

the amendment that ensured citizenship to all Americans, regardless of race

military laws that stated the requirements to be readmitted to the Union

the act of charging a holder of public office for wrongdoing

the amendment that allowed all men to vote, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

a secret society that used terror tactics to intimidate African Americans

a deal that settled the disputed election of 1876

a voting fee that stopped many African Americans from voting

the separation of different racial groups

state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the United States

a decision in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was allowed as long as the facilities for each race were equal

an arrangement in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land

the 16th president of the United who was famous for the Emancipation Proclamation

a Union general who was famous for his army's defense during the Battle of Gettysburg

a Confederate general that got his nickname for holding his position very well in the Battle of Bull Run

a Union general who led the Union army to victory in the Battle of Antietam

one of the most well-known Confederate generals that led the Confederate army during the Civil War

one of the most well-known Union generals that led the Union army to victory in the Civil war and also became the 18th president

a Union general that captured New Orleans, stopping the Confederacy from using the Mississippi River to send their supplies to sea

a woman who worked as a battlefield nurse during the Civil War and founded the Red Cross

a Confederate general who led his troops into open fire during the Battle of Gettysburg

a man who "marched to the sea" from Atlanta to Savannah, destroying everything in his path

the 17th president of the United States who became president after Lincoln was assassinated

the first African American to serve in Congress