Studied by 1 personDensity of mineral divided by density of water is
Specific gravity
Minerals that break rough
Fracture
A mineral that breaks smoothly where the atoms are weak
Cleavage
Least reliable mineral test
Color
Reacts to acid
Effervescent
Color of mineral when powdered
Streak
How mineral reflects to light
Luster
Scratch test
Hardness
Hardest mineral with a hardness of 10
Diamond
Softest mineral with a hardness of 1
Talc
Denotes metal deposit that can be mined at a profit
Ore
Chalcopyrite
Chalcopyrite is what ore?
Copper
Quartz formula
SiO2
Purple Quartz
Amethyst
What is inside of a geode?
Quartz
Rose Quartz
Smokey Quartz
Milky Quartz
Quartz
What crystal habit is Quartz?
Hexagonal
Pyrite
What is pyrite often called?
Fool’s Gold
Formula for Pyrite
FeS2
Sulfur
Formula for Magnetite
Fe3O4
What characteristic does magnetite have?
Lodestone
Hematite
Hematite formula?
Fe2O3
Halite (NaCl)
Halite formula?
NaCl
What type of bond is halite?
Ionic (opposites ions attract)
What green mineral forms on pennies?
Malachite
Limonite
What ore is Limonite?
Iron
Three main iron ores
Magnetite, Hematite, Limonite
Galena
Formula for Galena
PbS (80% Pb 20% S)
Galena is what ore?
Lead
Missouri State Mineral
Galena
Diamond (in the rough)
Formula for Diamond?
C
What mineral shares the same formula as a Diamond?
Graphite
Graphite is used for what?
Pencils and dry lubricant
What mineral is effervescent?
Calcite
Formula for Calcite?
CaCO3
Pure Calcite
What is another name for Pure Calcite?
Iceland Spar
Sphalerite
What ore is Sphalerite?
Zinc
Asbestos
What does asbestos cause?
Mesothelioma (lung cancer)
Fluorite
Source of element that prevents tooth decay
Fluorite
Ore for metal used in automobile batteries
Galena
Mineral used in watches
Quartz
Mineral used to de-ice
Halite
Bauxite
What is bauxite the ore for?
Aluminum
Mineral used in powders
Talc
Gypsum
Uses for gypsum?
Wallboards and casts
Dolomite
Muscovite Mica
Uses for Muscovite Mica? (clear)
Computer chips, wallpaper, glitter
Biotite Mica
Kaolinite
Kaolinite is used for
Preventing the melting of chocolate, treatment for stomach
Garnet
Mineral Characteristic
Naturally occurring
Inorganic
Solid
Orderly repeating pattern to atoms
Definite crystal pattern
______ minerals contain silicon (Si) and oxygen (O), the two most abundant elements in the earth’s crust
Silicate
Over 90% of the common rock-forming minerals are
Silicates
Common silicate minerals
Quartz, biotite mica, muscovite mica, plagioclase feldspar, orthoclase feldspar
Minerals that are made up of oxygen and one or more metals
Oxides
Common oxide minerals
Hematite and limonite
Minerals that contain sulfur and oxygen (SO4) combined with other elements
Sulfate
Common sulfate minerals
Gypsum and barite
Minerals that contain sulfur and metal
Sulfides
Common sulfide metals
Galena and pyrite
Minerals that contain carbonate (CO3), a combination of carbon and oxygen, combined with other elements
Carbonates
Common carbonate minerals
Calcite and dolomite
Include elements such as chlorine and fluorine
Halides
Common halide minerals
Halite and fluorite
Note
Flashcard