Afro chapter 8-9

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically.

the unity of all black Africans, regardless of national boundaries

Not favoring either side

First African American combat pilot

The African-American infantry unit that fought with the French Army in WW1 (received highest award in France)

One country taking over another area to be used for their benefit

Africa divided unequally among European nations. The rights of Africans were disregarded.

A war between the allies (Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, United States, Japan, Rumania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro) and the central powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria) from 1914 to 1918.

370,000 black soldiers volunteered to fight in World War 1, but they were segregated into only black troops. Only 40,000 of them were allowed to fight in the war, and most of them fought for the French, that being the 369th Infantry division also being called the Harlem Hellfighters

An African American painter who chronicled the experiences of the Great Migration north through art

Agricultural (Farm) Problems,- Boll Weevills, floods, droughts ||| Racism ||| World War 1 ||| Newspapers

The boll weevil is a beetle that feeds on cotton buds and flowers.

movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920

style of music evolving from African American spirituals and noted for its melancholy sound

summer of 1919 brought race riots, began in July when whites invaded a black section of Longview, Texas and burned shops and houses. It was a lash out against the growth of blacks in cities

African American leader durin the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Was deported to Jamaica in 1927 because the FBI thought he was a huge threat to American Society

a belief in the separate identity and racial unity of the African American community

Union founded by A. Philip Randolph in 1925 to help African Americans who worked for the Pullman Company

introduced in 1921 by Congressman Leonidas Dyer (R) Missouri. the bill was designed to end the crime of lynching nationwide. aided by the NAACP, the Dyer Bill passes the house, but lost in the Senate

neighborhood in New York City

A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished

This man was well known for making the Harlem Renaissance famous because of his poems.

NAACP leader and Harlem Renaissance writer; he wrote poetry and, with his brother, the song "Lift Every Voice and Sing."

African American writer and folklore scholar who played a key role in the Harlem Renaissance

The traditional beliefs, myths, tales, and practices of a people, transmitted orally.

A style of dance music popular in the 1920s

A type of inexpensive variety show that first appeared in the 1870s, often consisting of comic sketches, song-and-dance routines, and magic acts

The rise of radical african american intellectuals, the crisis and civic club dinner, and the great Migration (blacks moved north from South)

Richard Nathaniel Wright was an American author of novels, short stories, poems, and non-fiction. Much of his literature concerns racial themes, especially related to the plight of African Americans during the late 19th to mid-20th centuries suffering discrimination and violence.

A gifted African-American poet, novelist, and playwright, who became one of the foremost interpreters of racial relationships in the United States and the name most often associated with the Harlem Renaissance. Influenced by the Bible, W. E. B. Du Bois, and Walt Whitman, Hughes depicted realistically the ordinary lives of black people.

African American actor and singer who promoted African American rights and left-wing causes

A Harlem Renaissance painter whose work celebrates African American versatility and adaptability, depicting people in a variety of settings.

Multi faceted artist raised by sculptor Mae Howard Jackson

Born in Chicago middle class. moved to Harlem in 1923 and began playing at the cotton club. Composer, pianist and band leader. Most influential figures in jazz.

A Harlem-based group, led by charismatic, Jamaican-born Marcus Garvey, that arose in the 1920s to mobilize African American workers and champion black separatism.

Shipping line created by Marcus Garvey to get blacks back to Africa.

African American leader durin the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Was deported to Jamaica in 1927.

African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality.

1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910

the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s

president of the US during the Great Depression; against federal programs and instant relief

President of the United States during most of the Depression and most of World War II.

United States educator who worked to improve race relations and educational opportunities for Black Americans (1875-1955)

Group of African Americans FDR appointed to key government positions; served as unofficial advisors to the president.

A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression.

FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women

A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression.

Black leader, who threatens a march to end discrimination in the work place; Roosevelt gives in with companies that get federal grants.

Base in hawaii that was bombed by japan on December 7, 1941, which eagered America to enter the war.

1st black American to earn the Navy Cross for his heroic actions during the Pearl Harbor attack

-at start of war, African Americans were organized into their own units but white officers usually commanded them

Allied troops landed at Normandy Beach to start liberating France from German control

December, 1944-January, 1945 - After recapturing France, the Allied advance became stalled along the German border. In the winter of 1944, Germany staged a massive counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg which pushed a 30 mile "bulge" into the Allied lines. The Allies stopped the German advance and threw them back across the Rhine with heavy losses.

The first African American General in the U.S. Military, he led the Tuskegee airmen through WWII

332 Fighter Group famous for shooting down over 200 enemy planes. African American pilots who trained at the Tuskegee flying school.

A group of Tuskegee Airmen who flew escort planes for bombers in World War Two.

Many African Americans came home from the war hoping for change in the country after many of them had serve, but had came back still to a segregated homeland, ran by Jim Crow Laws