Studied by 66 peopleChemistry
Intermolecular Forces
IGCSE Chemistry
CIE
Atoms, elements, and compounds
chemistry
Martin
MCVSD
Vo-Tech
10th
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If a molecule has an electronegativity difference of 0-0.4, what type of compound is it
nonpolar covalent
If a molecule has a electronegativity difference of 0.4-1.7, what type of compound is it
polar covalent
If a molecule has a electronegativity difference of 1.7-4, what type of compound is it
ionic
N2F4 lewis dot diagram
C2H5OH lewis dot diagram
What happens to electrons in a covalent bond
Electrons are shared between two atoms
What happens to electrons in a ionic bond
they are transferred
What type of elements is a covalent bond formed betweem
A covalent bond is formed between nonmetal elements.
How do you know which atom should be in the center when drawing lewis diagrams
the least electronegative
Which compound is most liekly to form a compound between each other A.aluminum and oxygen
B. magnesium and iodine
C. sulfur and fluoride
D. potasium and lithium
E. barium and bromine
C.
Which bonds would be considered covalent
H-S
Al-S
N-F
1 and 3
A double bond consists of how many pairs of shared electrons
2
How can you use electronegativity to predict the bond type?
The greater the difference in electronegativity, the more polar the bond.
Why does a greater difference in electronegativity cause a more polar bond?
A bigger difference in electronegativity means that one atom is able to hog electrons for longer, creating a charge imbalance (partial-charge). The more electronegative atom would be slightly negative and less would be slightly positive
Are inter or intra moleculer forces stronger
Intramolecular forces like ionic and covalent bonds are stronger then intermolecular forces.
What is the order of bond strength
ionic bonds, covalent bonds, hydrogen, dipole-dipole, london dispersion
How strong is a london dispersion force
Weak
What type of molecules use London Dispersion forces?
all molecules
What happens to electrons in a london dispersion force
due to the constant motion of electrons they occasionally end up all on one side of the molecule creating a temporary dipole.
How does size of a molecule relate to the strengh of london forces
Bigger mass= stronger forces
are london dispersion forces temporary or permanent.
Temporary. They are caused by the movement of electrons, which creates temporary dipoles in molecules.
are dipole-dipole forces temporary or permanent
permanent
What causes dipole-dipole forces
A molecule being unbalances. There could be a pair of lone electrons, or the difference in electronegativity is very high between atoms in the molecule.
How does a dipole-dipole affect the interactions between molecules?
A charge inbalnece means that one side of the molecule is slightly positive while the other side is slightly negative. Thus two different molecules are attracted to each other so that the positive side of one molecule is attracted to the negative side of the other.
What are the four elements can be involved in a hydrogen bond
Nitrogen (N)
Oxygen (O)
Fluorine (F)
Hydrogen (H)
What is the trend for boiling point
Stronger intermolecular force=higher boiling point
What is the order of boiling point trends between the different bonds, highest to lowest
Ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole, london dispersion.
What do weak dipole-dipole forces result in?
a lower melting point
A hydrogen bond is _________ (stronger/weaker) than a London Dispersion force and (stronger/weaker) than an ionic bond
stronger, stronger
Without London Dispersion Forces most nonpolar compounds would be a_______ at room temperature
gas
Note
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