Studied by 5 peopleTags & Description
What can officer learn through shoe prints?
height, size, weight, any injuries they have, whether they were carrying or pushing anything, etc
What are the two types of fingerprints?
Latent Fingerprint, visible fingerprint
what is a Latent Fingerprint
the print formed by natural oils and perspiration on the fingertip. (Invisible to the naked eye)
What is a fingerprint?
A patterned mark left on a surface by a fingertip.
what is physical evidence?
Any object, impression, or body element that can be used to prove or disprove facts relating to an offence (Valuable because it can carry greater weight in court)
what is forensic evidence?
The use of biochemical and other scientific techniques to analyze evidence in a criminal investigation.
What are class characteristics?
General attributes of an object (such as type, make, model, style, size.)
What are impressions?
patterns or marks found on various surfaces
What are individual characteristics?
Specific and unique features of an object, (like tread wear on a tire.)
What are the two types of impression characteristics
individual and class characteristics
what is a visible fingerprint
Observed by the naked eye and usually formed when the finger is coated in dirt, blood, grease, etc. (can be photographed immediately)
What is the chain of custody?
documentation or paper trail showing custody, control, transfer and analysis of everyone who comes in contact with the specimens
What can an officer learn through tire tracts?
Make, direction traveling, etc.
Depending on amount of evidence, they may do what
make arrest before or after questioning
What rights do the accused have
know they can be quiet, reason for arrests, right to counsel
What is the primary goal of interrogation?
obtain truth
What are the four stages of questioning?
entire incident
before the incident
details of the offence
details after the offence
Definition of Arrest
legally depriving someone of liberty of seizing or touching the person to indicate they are in costody
when does a criminal case begin
when a person is formally charged
detention
legally depriving someone of a liberty of the purpose of asking somebody question with or without restraints
reasonable grounds
information that would lead to reasonable conclusion that the suspect has committed a criminal offecne
issuing an appearance notice
a legal document for less serious offences (bench warrant is given out if they do not show up)
3 police methods of apprehending a suspect
issuing an appearance notice, arrest with a warrant, arrest without a warrant
Arrest with a warrant
a serious offence dealt with by a summons
What is a summons
a legal document issued for an indictable offence ordering the accused to appear in court
What's information
a statement given under oath, informing the court the details of the offence
Arrest without a warrant
a peace officer may arrest without warrant any person they observe in violating any part of the code.
(peace officer include a person responsible for preserving the peace, mayors, prison guards, customs officers, aircraft pilots, etc.).
What is citizens arrest
an arrest without a warrant by any person other than a peace officer.
What are impressions caused by
various objects such as fingers, gloves, shoes, tires or tools
The RCMP mandate covers what 4 areas.
Border Integrity
Drugs and Organized Crime
International Policing
Financial Crime
what are the 3 tasks officers perform when they enter a crime scene
Call an ambulance
Call in reinforcements
Search the crime scene,( To protect people at the scene, they must assume the suspects are present and armed.)
What unit has Jurisdiction in rural areas in in unincorporated regions around cities
provincial police
Def of crime scene
The site where the offence took place.
what is the one way to protect and preserve evidence
to keep a police log
What are the two boundaries in a crime scene
The centre
Perimeter
what is the center
The area in which the offence was actually committed.
What is perimeter?
The area surrounding the center, where the offender may have been present or may have left evidence.( include all exits and entrances)
What is contamination
The loss, destruction or alteration of physical evidence.
why are crime scenes preserved
To allow for a thorough search of the crime scene.
To seize and collect evidence.
To ensure that the physical evidence is admissible in court.
Who do municipal police have jurisdiction over
towns and cities.
Who pays for the municipal police
the community
what is the goal of the aboriginal police
offer services that are professional and in touch with the culture and needs of the community.
Who is the federal police force in canada
RCMP
What provinces have provincial police in canada
Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland
What do municipal police do
preserve peace, prevent crimes, participate in prosecutions, enforce municipal bylaws
The crowns success in prosecution heavily depends of what
the condition of physical evidence
What protects a person from as unreasonable search and seizure
charter of rights and freedoms
Police do not have to obtain a warrant to search a person that they have just arrested. What are 3 conditions for this exception to be legal
The arrest must be lawful.
The search must be connected to the lawful arrest.
The manner of search must be reasonable.
what is a search warrant
A court document that gives the police the right to search a specific location
what is a telewarrant
a search warrant obtained by phone
What are the two exceptions when police do not need a warrant to search a house
prevent injury
prevent destruction
Has a "beat" or area they check often
Patrol Officer
Trained to supervise the investigation, interview victim and witnesses, interrogate suspects, draw conclusions from physical evidence, and arrest suspects.
Criminal Investigation Bureau Officer
Trained in evidence collection and preservation techniques.
Scenes of Crime Officer
criminal identification officer
Responsible for searching crime scene, examining scene for physical evidence, gathering and analyzing evidence, and sending certain types to a lab for analysis.
Tend to work on less serious offences such as break and enters and car thefts.
Scenes of Crime Officer
Often the first member of police department to arrive at the scene.
Patrol Officer
Note
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