Power and Borders definitions (copy)

-there is a politically organised group of people under a single government

-demographic structure

-human resources

-events in history

-trade strength

-wealth

-industrial development

-ability to regulate its economy

-international relations

-government policy

-events in history

-ability to exploit natural resources

-geographical location

-a large group of people with strong bonds of identity (shared history, culture and language)

-a nation does not have to be confined to one country

-a state that has sovereignty over a single nation (state boundaries = geographical area the nation lives in)

-OR area of land (of an independent country) that has well-defined boundaries

-promoting nationality + constructing a national identity using state power

-the absolute authority which independent states exercise in the government of the land + people in their territories

-where a state has exclusive authority within its territory

-a state has to be mutually recognised among other sovereign states

-State exercises sovereignty within a specific territory (nation-state) + the boundaries are recognised within international law

-moral principles, customs, and behaviours which are universally acknowledged

-actions that can be taken by international organisations to resolve conflicts or humanitarian crises

-examples: economic sanctions, military intervention (authorised by UN)

-State fragility index → uses data from 12 categories (eg economic decline, human rights, refugees and IDPs, group grievance)

-contested territory → Russia’s annexation of Crimea

-contested maritime boundaries → the South China Sea

-separatism → Scottish nationalists in the UK

-many TNCs expand their operations without caring about state boundaries

-some nation states have partially lost control of their territory, work force and environment because TNCs have so much economic power

-disrespect for human rights (exploitation, low wages, poor working conditions + use of child labour)

-Nike - Hytex factory in Malaysia - uses forced labour, workers had very bad living conditions (26 men in one room) → abusing human rights

-Coca Cola - water shortages in areas surrounding factories bc groundwater is extracted to be used in factories - groundwater levels dropped by up to 8m in first 7 years Coca Cola was there → impacts quality of life for civilians

-a tier of governance above that of an indiviual state eg UN, NATO and trading blocks

-UK

-USA

-France

-China

-Russia

-internal conflict between ethnic groups results in the government being unable to protect all its citizens (eg Dinka and Nuer conflict in South Sudan)