Computer Programming

It means giving instruction or directions to accomplish specific task

people who write computer programs

programmers use a specific language called _______ to communicate with the computer

there are approximately ______ programming languages used by software and web developers and other professionals

converts programming language program to machine language

converts programming languages to machine language line by line

How it works: code translator from source code to executable output
A. source code—assembler—-compiler——machine code

B. source code—machine code—compiler—-assembler

C. source code—compiler—assembler—machine code

• Instructions written in 0s and 1s are called _______. ___________ language (each type of machine has its own language) represent the only way to communicate directly with the computer.

• low level languages and can directly understand by computer but difficult to ready by humans

• it simplify the programmer’s job by allowing the programmer to use mnemonics in place of the 0s and 1s in the program.

• a representation of machine language. these are instructions translates to machine language instruction called assembler

• It represent the next major development in programming languages. These languages are a vast improvement over machine and assembly language because they allow the programmer to use instructions that more closely resemble the English language.

• these are mostly used by programmers today. these are easy to read and portable. it can be classified into functional, procedure oriented, object oriented, programming and logic programming languages

steps in problem solving process

step by step solution to solve a problem or to accomplish specific task

graphical representation of algorithm. there are symbols and illustration to use

tool to plan the algorithm and use short English statements.

The short English statements that represent an algorithm are called _________

instruction given to a computer

use to organized the result of program analysis

indicates any type of internal operation inside the Processor or memory

used for any _____/______ operation. indicates that the computer is to obtain data or output results

used to ask a question that can be answered in a binary format (yes/no, true/false)

Allows the flowchart to be drawn without intersecting lines or without a reverse flow.

Used to invoke a subroutine or an interrupt program.

Indicates the starting or ending of the program, process, or interrupt program.

shows direction of flow

int

float

double

bool

char

string

All C++ variables must be identified with descriptive unique names.

These unique names are called

The general rules for naming variables are:

equal to

not equal to

less than

less than or equal to

greater than

greater than or equal to

&&

||

• In a computer program, the _________ structure directs the computer to process program instructions, one after another, in the order listed in the programs.

• a series of actions that is completed in a specific order. Action 1 is performed, then Action 2, then Action 3, etc,. until all of the actions in the sequence have been carried out.

indicates that a decision (based on some condition) needs to be made followed by an appropriate action derived from that decision.

• last of the three control structures. It directs the computer to repeat one or more instruction until some condition is met, at which time the computer should stop repeating the instructions. This structure also is referred to as a loop or an iteration.

• or loops, are used when a program needs to repeatedly process one or more instructions until some condition is met, at which time the loop ends. Many programming tasks are repetitive, having little variation from one item to the next.

All computer programs, no matter how simple or how complex, are written using one or more of three basic structures: Sequence, Selection, and Repetition. These structures are called __________ or logic structures because they control the flow of a program’s logic.

The loop construct in C++ is used when the number of iterations is known beforehand is called _________

In a C++ program, the body of a function is enclosed in ______

true && false

true || false