Psych 100 Exam Prep

Helps determine depth.

The perception of motion that occurs when different images are presented next to each other in succession

Depth cues that are created by retinal image disparity — that is, the space between our eyes — and which thus require the coordination of both eyes

A hole in our vision because there are no photoreceptor cells at the place where the optic nerve leaves the retina

The inability to detect green and/or red colours

Visual neurons that are specialized in detecting fine detail and colours

The inward turning of our eyes that is required to focus on objects that are less than about 50 feet away from us

A clear covering that protects the eye and begins to focus the incoming light

Messages from our bodies and the external environment that supply us with information about space and distance.

Pulses of energy waves that can carry information from place to place

When the focus is behind the retina

Specialized neurons, located in the visual cortex, that respond to the strength, angles, shapes, edges, and movements of a visual stimulus

The central point of the retina

A meaningfully organized whole

The shade of a colour

The coloured part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil by constricting or dilating in response to light intensity

A structure that focuses the incoming light on the retina

Depth cues that help us perceive depth using only one eye

When the focus is in front of the retina

Proposes that we analyze sensory information not in terms of three colours but rather in three sets of “opponent colours”: red-green, yellow-blue, and white-black

A collection of millions of ganglion neurons that sends vast amounts of visual information, via the thalamus, to the brain

We perceive a sensation of motion caused by the appearance and disappearance of objects that are near each other

A small opening in the centre of the eye

The layer of tissue at the back of the eye that contains photoreceptor cells

Visual neurons that specialize in detecting black, white, and gray colours

The colour we see depends on the mix of the signals from the three types of cones

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that our eyes detect (only the range from about 400 to 700 billionths of a meter)

The process of changing the curvature of the lens to keep the light entering the eye focused on the retina

A mechanism that gives the perception of a dangerous drop-off, in which infants can be safely tested for their perception of depth

The distance between one wave peak and the next wave peak

The tendency to perceive two circles as bouncing off each other if the moment of their contact is accompanied by an auditory stimulus.

Effects that concern the influence of the perception of one sensory modality on the perception of another.

A receptive field that can be stimulated by a stimulus from more than one sensory modality.

A stimulus with components in multiple sensory modalties that interact with each other.

The false perception of two visual flashes when a single flash is accompanied by two auditory beeps.

The process by which the perceptual system combines information arising from more than one modality.

An effect in which conflicting visual and auditory components of a speech stimulus result in an illusory percept.

Of or pertaining to multiple sensory modalities.

The effects that concurrent stimulation in more than one sensory modality has on the perception of events and objects in the world.

Effects that concern the binding of inputs from multiple sensory modalities.

Regions in the brain that receive input from multiple unimodal areas processing different sensory modalities.

Multisensory enhancement is observed when the sources of stimulation are spatially related to one another.

A region of the cortex devoted to the processing of simple auditory information.

A region of the cortex devoted to the processing of simple visual information.

The finding that, in general, for a multimodal stimulus, if the response to each unimodal component (on its own) is weak, then the opportunity for multisensory enhancement is very large. However, if one component—by itself—is sufficient to evoke a strong response, then the effect on the response gained by simultaneously processing the other components of the stimulus will be relatively small.

The portion of the world to which a neuron will respond if an appropriate stimulus is present there.

The false perception of a fake hand as belonging to a perceiver, due to multimodal sensory information.

A type of sense; for example, vision or audition.

The finding that the superadditive effects of multisensory integration are observed when the sources of stimulation are spatially related to one another.

The finding that responses to multimodal stimuli are typically greater than the sum of the independent responses to each unimodal component if it were presented on its own.

Of or pertaining to a single sensory modality.

The parts of a stimulus relevant to one sensory modality at a time.

A region of the brain devoted to the processing of information from a single sensory modality.