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What is the contribution of by-products to the value of livestock?
10% depending on the species
What is the relationship of a live animal to the packaged meat?
It is not a 1:1 conversion ratio. You end up with shrinkage and waste
What is the major contributor to the by-products of a steer/heifer?
The hide
What are the edible meat by-products?
brains
oxtails
cheek and head trimmings
liver
blood
stomach
heart
kidneys
tongue
spleen
beef extract
What are the inedible meat by-products?
Hide, pork skins, pelts, fats, bones, cattle feet, glands, and lungs
what is a young animal epithelium called?
Skin
What is the epithelium in older/heavier animals called?
Hide
What is the name of skin on an unborn calf?
Slunk Skin
If a sheep or lamb has longer wool, what does it mean in terms of value?
It is more valuable
Least valuable Pelt
Shearling 4
Most valuable Pelt
Wool pelt
Tallow
Fat having a titer ABOVE 40°C. (solid at room temp)
Grease
Fat having a titer BELOW 40°C. (Liquid at room temp)
Dried Blood (Blood Meal)
Made from coagulating fresh blood with steam, draining off the liquid and drying the coagulum. high in nitrogen.
Meat Meal
Made from the proteinaceous materials from the inedible rendering process. High in calcium, phosphorous, and protein.
Steamed Bone Meal
Made by cooking bones with steam, under a high pressure, in order to remove any fat and meat that may be left on them. Gelatin and Glue.
Gelatin
made from sins or hides, connective tissues, cartilage, and bones of cattle and calves. cooking in water converts the collagen
Glue
Made from the same items as gelatin, but is extracted from these materials by successive heatings in water under specific temperature conditions
What is Fetal Calf Blood used for?
Cancer and AIDS research
What are aorta valves used for?
For replacement of defective human heart valves
What are fetal pigs used for?
Used for biology teaching
What are gall stones used for?
Used as aphrodisiacs in the far east
What pelt is the cheapest?
Butt branded pelt
What pelt is most valuable?
Native/Unbranded pelt
beef extract is used for
soups and bouillon
cheek and trimmings
Titer
Congealing or solidification point of the fatty acids in the fat.
