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Hemoptysis
Coughing up/spitting out blood
Pericardium
Outermost double-layered membrane that surrounds the heart
Cardiomyopathy
Disease of the heart (muscle)
Sphygmomanometer
BP Cuff
Cyanosis
Skin having a blue hue/discoloration (indicating lack of O2)
coronary artery disease
Disease of the arteries that surround the heart (deposits; fatty, smoke, sugar)
tetralogy of Fallot
Congenital malformation involving four (tetra-) distinct heart defects
Pulmonary artery stenosis
Ventricular septal defect
Shift of the aorta to the right
Hypertrophy of the right ventricle
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
Laryngectomy
Removal of the larynx
Hypoxemia
Low levels of oxygen in the bloodstream
Dyspnea
Difficult or shortness of breath
Asthma
Chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to edema and mucus construction
Mediastinum
Central space in the middle of the chest outside and between the lungs
Tracheostomy
Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck
Eosinophil
White blood cell associated with allergic reactions and that contain granules that stain red
Fibrin
A protein that forms the basis of a blood clot
Antigens
The substance that stimulates the production of antibodies
Hemolytic anemia
Reduction in RBC due to excessive destruction
Aplastic anemia
Failure of blood cell production in bone marrow
Edema
Swelling (collection of fluid)
Palliative
Relieving symptoms but not curing it
Erythrocyte
Red blood cell (carries oxygen around the body)
Platelet
Thrombocyte (clots)
Relapse
Disease or symptoms return after apparent recovery
apheresis
Separation of blood into component parts and the removal of select portions from the blood
What does the Pulmonary artery do?
Carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart and into the lungs to be oxygenated.
What is the Systole phase of the cardiac cycle?
The contraction phase of a heartbeat
What does Echocardiography (ECHO) consist of?
It consists of echoes being generated by high-frequency sound waves to produce images of the heart.
What is the Medical term meaning “Incision of a vein”?
Phlebotomy/Venipuncture
What is Holter monitoring?
A mobile ECG device is worn during 24 hours to detect cardiac arrhythmias
What are septal defects of the heart?
Small holes in the wall between the atria or the ventricles
Atrial Septal Defects
Ventricular
Describe patent ductus arteriosus?
It's a passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery that remains open (patent) after birth- Congenital condition
Results in oxygenated blood from aorta flowing into the pulmonary artery
What is coarctation of the aorta?
Narrowing/constriction (coarctation) of the aorta- Congenital anomalies
What is a very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contraction of the heart called?
Fibrillation
What are rapid but regular contractions of the heart (usually the atria) called?
Flutter
What disorder is characterized by the heart’s inability to pump the required amount of blood?
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
In a person with Orthopnea, what position should they be placed in to combat shortness of breath?
90° Fowlers position- leaning forward on a bedside table
What is the failure of proper conduction of impulses from the sinoatrial (SA) node through the rest of the heart (The AV node usually does not allow these impulses through)?
Heart block
What happens during endotracheal intubation?
A tube is placed through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway- allows patient to be placed on a ventilator
What is a PPD used for?
To test for tuberculosis
What is the Apex of the lung?
The tip or uppermost portion of the lung (Apical)
What occurred during a thoracentesis?
Puncturing of the pleural space to remove fluid
What occurs during a bronchoalveolar lavage?
Bronchial washing (fluid being injected and withdrawn) for a bronchoscopy
How is a lung scan; ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan performed?
Radioisotope is injected via IV and inhalation of radioactive gas (xenon) to detect records of radioactivity in the lung.
What are divisions of the lungs called?
Lobes
What is Albumin and what does it do?
A protein in the blood that maintains proper levels of water in the blood
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