Studied by 4 peopleHow Greek and Chinese philosophers are different?
Both are the bedrock of civilisation in th West and the East However they become philosophers for diff reasons
Greece: wealthy, well educated and strong men who became thinkers; abstract
China: those who sought survival became thinkers; reality
How do vertical and Horizontal axis differ? (don't know how to formulate it)
if you move through a vertical axis, you will have different climate, whereas if you do it with a horizontal axis the climates will be similar so it's easier to travel from east to west than north-south
How can we explain the changes in wealth (for instance) if everything is geographically determined?
??? question du prof mais pas de reponse
What are the countries that have not been under colonial rule?
Swiss, Ethiopia, Liberia, Nepal, Thailand
What are the countries that have not been under European colonial rule?
Liberia, Thailand, Korea, Japan
What is orientalism? Who came up with the term?
Oriantalism as a Western style for dominating, restructuring, and having authority over Orient Edward Saïd is the one who came up with this term
Will China's economy surpass the US?
Nobody knows whether China will surpass the US
How to define East or West?
Often geographically but there is exceptions based on: Ethnicity (Australasia), Religion (Balkan Peninsula), History (Middle East), Territory (Russia)
What are the 4 ways to unite a system?
Scapegoat Within the System, Enemy outside it, In case of Force Majeure and Mutual Benefit
What are the reason for Historical Animosity?
Territorial (for security purpose) Psychological (history/past conflict) Natural? (character)
What are the existing KCJ architectures?
Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat East Asian Summit ASEAN +3 (most important one) Six Party Talk
What is 'Haplo Groups'?
if all people have the same gene then first gene and same ancestors
What is 'Sinosphere'?
the expension of the chinese influence though Korea, Japan and Vietnam through it's cultural influence
What are the four common characteristics of sinosphere cultures?
Chinese characters, Advent of Buddhism, Chinese-style law, Confucianism
What are the repeated themes in Chinese history?
Nomads vs Han Central government vs Local warlords Confucianism vs Buddhism/Taoism (other religion) Bureaucrats vs Eunuchs
slogan "One __" Policy
What is the cycle in Chinese history?
Rise -> Rebellion/Disaster/Invasion -> Fall -> Warlords -> Rise
What is the first Chinese dynasty?
Xia dynasty
What empire is the first to unite?
The Qin empire is the first to unite the country
What empire found the Republic of China?
the Qing empire
Warring States Period
Under the Qin Dynasty Horizontal and vertical alliances Balance (Vertical) vs Bandwagon (Horizontal)
Who is Xiu Quan?
Leader of the Taiping rebellion, Han People against the Mandchurian Qing Dynasty
Who is Yuan Shikai?
The strongest warlords, became the first president of the Republic of China, became Emperor, dies
Who is Sun Yat-sen?
Most revered person in Chinese modern history, establish the Republic of China's ideologies, like the sanmin "Three Peoples" ideology
Who is Chiang Kai Shek?
Succeeded Sun Yat-sen, a warlord, Mao Zedong's rival, flew to Taiwan
Who is Mao Zedong?
lead 1949-1976 established the People's Republic of China joins the Korean War First Five-year Plan Three Red Banners (Socialist Construction, Great Leap Forward, People's Communes Cultural Revolution
Who is Deng Xioping?
lead from 1978 to 1989 initiates revisionist movement Repudiation of cultural revolution Economic reform China-US relations normalised
Who is Jiang Zemin?
China joins WTO Return of Hong Kong & Macao Three Represents (Workers, farmers + addition of intellectuels)
Who is Hu Jintao?
Global Financial Crisis 2008 Beijing Olympics polution, wealth gap, increasing dept, corruption
Who is Xi Xingping?
nov 12 to today his slogan 'eradicate corruption' balance of power collapse One Belt One Road Initiative 2013
What were China Reformation Movements? Why was it a failure?
Self-Strengthning Movement 1861-1895 Hundred Days' Reform 1898 Late Qing Reforms (1901-1911) New Culture Movement (1910-1929)
Je sais pas pourquoi ca a fail
What is BRI?
The Belt and Roas Initiative; it has two different projects, the belt and the maritime silk road
What is AIIB?
Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank multilateral development bank that aims to improve economic and social outcomes in Asia (google def)
What is China's Political slogan nowadays?
'Chinese Dream'
What were the stance of the US president toward China?
Clinton -> If China gets wealthy, it will become democratic Bush -> could do anything because of the 9.11 and the middle east Obama: Cooperation & Competition Trump & Biden: Competition only
What are the options for balance for South Korea?
Need to take into account threat balancing (proximity and history) Power balancing
What are the takeaways of China history?
china struggled to heal scars of inperialism unprecedented rise, not free from side-effects Long history, abundant population/resources few allies
What make the Jomon era particular?
There was no state = prehistoire (?)
What to remember for the Yayoi era?
Many states
What to remember for the Kofun era?
First unified state (yamato)
What to remember for the Asuka/Nara era?
Centralized state
What to remember for the Heian era?
Collapse of state
What to remember for the Bakufu era?
New state (Denno/Shogun)
What is Bakufu?
It's the name of the political structure
What is Shogun?
The Shogun is the prime minister and he has the political power where the emperor is the symbolic figure
What is Denno?
it is the emperor
What were the two domains that were particularly important in modern japanese history? And why?
Satsuma and Choshu domains were the first and only part of japan to have contacts with the outside and specially the european travelers
What was China anti-west movement?
Boxer Rebellion 1899
What was Japan anti-west movement?
Sonno Joi 1863
What was Korea anti-west movement?
Donghak peasant revolution 1894
What was China reformation movements?
self strengthening movement 1861 + Hundred Day's Reform 1898
What was Japan reformation movements?
Meiji restoration 1868
What was Korea reformation movements?
Gapsin Coup 1894 + Gapo reform 1898
Why only Japan succeed ?
Decentralized socio-political structure Admitted western power earlier Edo was already half-modernized
Western powers were busy in 1850-60 Timing: China then Japan then Korea
Who was Yoshida Shoin?
The founder came from a low samurai family
Who was Sakamoto Ryoma?
Executor also came from a low samurai family
Who was Saigo Takamori?
the last samurai
Who was Fukuzawa Yukichi?
the architect low family of samurai
What was the order of hierarchy?
Shogun, Daimyo(lords), Samurai and then peasants
What cause the fall of Japanese economy?
The Plaza Accord 1985
Key takeaways of Korea
Long-living dynasties Invasion from China (nomads) ans Japan Balancer: Alliance with China and Japan Goryeo vs Joseon
Why was Joseon such a failure? (or was it?)
excessive confucianism, closed society, slavery, division from within
Who was Rhee Sungman?
1st President 1948-1960 1st Republic Conservative
Accomplishment: ROK-US alliance, liberal democracy, land/education reform Fault: Korea War, April 19th Revolution, pro-Jap remnants
Who is Yun Boseon?
1960-1961 2nd Republic Liberal
Accomplishment: Seeds of democracy Fault: Failed to protect democracy
Who is Park Chunghee?
1963-1979 3rd and 4th republic Conservative
Accomplishment: Economic development Fault: Oppression of democracy
Who is Choi Kyuhah?
1980-1988 5th Republic Conservative
Accomplishment: Economic development, 1988 Seoul Olympics Faults: Corruption, Oppression of May 18th Movement
Who is Roh Taewoo?
1988-1993 6th Republic Conservative
Accomplishment: Northern diplomacy, Balanced economy, War against crime, UN membership Faults: Embezzlement, participation in military coup
Who is Kim Youngsam?
1993-1998 Conservative
Accomplishments: Real-name Financial system law, end of military factions Faults: IMF crisis, accidents (collapse of store/bridge)
Who is Kim Daejung?
1998-2003 Liberal
Accomplishments: Inter-Korean relations, Kor-Jap relations, laid foundation for IT develop, 2002 world cup Faults: cause for DPRK nuclear, family corruption
Who is Roh Moohyun?
2003-2008 Liberal
Accomplishments: Moves for self-defense, end of authoritarianism Faults: Rise of '86 generation', family corruption & suicide, policy failures
Who is Lee Myungbek?
2008-2013 Conservative
Accomplishments: social infrastructure, managed global financial crisis, resource diplomacy, green new deal Faults:manipulation of public opinion, inter-K relations
Who is Park Geunhye?
2013-2017 Conservative
Accomplishments: National security, principles of inter-korean relations Faults: authoritarianism/dogmatism, rivalry with Pres. Lee
Who is Moon Jaein
2017-2022 Liberal
Accomplishment: national defense, administrative transparency Faults: widening wealth gap, inter-korean relations, superficial politics, division from within
Who is Yoon Seokyeol?
2022-now Conservative Neutral background
Kim Ilsung, Kim Jongil, Kim Jongeun
What hat does Kim jongun wear?
Marshal, General Secretary, President
What is the Arduous March?
Soviet's fall, natural disasters, sanctions -> Distribution system collapses, Marketisation Population starved to death Childhood malnutrition
How did North Korea screw up its economy?
closed economy discountinued support from allies focus on defense industry policy failures nuclear sanctions natural disasters
