TRENDS IN GCSE
There is little choice (national curriculum) – boys take more practical subjects and girls opt for humanities/art.
TRENDS IN A-LEVEL
More apparent as more choice – boys = technical, girls = humanities/social science.
TRENDS IN VOCATIONAL
girls take more caring ones and boys more manual labour ones.
NORMAN - child activities
different activities do as children leads to different subjects taken at school – socialisation.
MURPHY & ELWOOD - bedroom culture
bedroom culture and girls read more fiction 🡪 expressive subjects, boys more technical subjects.
BROWNE & ROSS - gender domains
create gender domains based on what adult do.
GENDERED SUBJECT IMAGE: Kelly
science is boys due to more male teachers and textbooks illustrating boys more etc.
GENDER IDENTITIES & PEER GROUP PRESSURE
students face pressure to conform to gender stereotypes.
DEWAR - opposite domain
when student opt for opposite domain 🡪 bully and name calling.
AO3: change in family diversity
Move towards gender neutral parenting and socialisation – march of progress.
AO3: LENARD - single sex schools
gendered subject image has less impact in single sex schools – social construct.
AO3: programs
programs such as GIST and WISE help draw girls into sciences.
ETHNOCENTRIC CURRICULUM
BAME students may be put off from studying subjects such as English/History due to focus on White British Culture.
ENGLISH AS ADDITIONAL (EAL)
students may be channelled to less academic subjects due to level of English language.
AO3: globalisation
globalisation has created more multicultural curriculum with wider choices to the units that they are taught.
MATERIAL FACTORS
some students may feel they are excluded from subject due to cost of the course.
CULTURAL FACTORS
W/C may not feel certain subjects are for them as lack cultural capital to succeed.
LABELLING
W/C students may be pushed towards less academic subjects.
AO3: policies
Policies such as pupil premium are in place to support students from deprived backgrounds with hidden cost of education.