CHAPTER 2

A rigid bar that turns about an axis to create movement.

A lever with the fulcrum located midway between the effort and the load.

A lever with the load located between the fulcrum and the effort.

A lever with the effort located between the fulcrum and the load.

The point at which a lever turns or is supported (also known as the axis).

The weight or resistance that the lever must move.

The force required to move the load (generated by muscles).

The ratio of the load arm to the effort arm in a lever.

The distance from the load to the fulcrum in a lever.

The distance from the effort to the fulcrum in a lever.

The decrease in angle of the bones at a joint.

The increase in angle of the bones at a joint.

The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

The movement of a limb towards the midline of the body.

The combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

The upward flexion of the foot at the ankle joint.

The downward flexion of the foot at the ankle joint.

The circular movement where part of the body turns while the rest remains still.

Imaginary lines that divide the body into different halves for movement.

Divides the body into front and back sections.

Divides the body into top and bottom sections.

Divides the body into left and right sections.

Imaginary straight lines around which the body rotates.

Runs horizontally through the body from front to back, allowing adduction and abduction.

Runs vertically through the body from head to toe, enabling rotation in an upright position.

Runs horizontally through the body from left to right at the hips, facilitating flexion and extension.