Hermenutics Test 4

The good news before the NT

The four canonical gospels

The Gospel of Thomas

The Gospel of Judas

Infancy Gospel of Thomas

The Gospel of Peter

Noncanonical Gospels

1. Biography

2. Aretaology

3. Comedy

4. Tragedy

5. Parable

Not by modern standards

Episode in the life of a divine man; this usually exaggerates the feats of famous warriors

A story with a triumphant ending

A story where the hero is defeated

The whole gospel is one long metaphor

a loose connection of saying of Jesus

Jesus asked Judas to betray him

The Gospel of Judas

A collection of unsustained childhood stories

Resurrection stories

A theological biography

They are historical, but the author chooses the events to fit his theme

1. Theological - biblical faith has historical character as its foundation

2. The writers claim to be historical

They don’t always fit our idea of history

Preachers

Inspired writings, not facts

Historians and theologians

Parables

An earthly story with a heavenly meaning

Para - alongside of

Ballo - throw down

No, II Samuel 12:1-10

1. Reveal the truth to believers

2. Hide the truth from those who hardened their hearts

Allegorically

1. Explore the historical settings

2. Look for the main points - usually one main truth

1. Ask what the teaching about the Kingdom of God is. Does it refer to the Kingdom of God?

2. Consider the key characteristics

2/3rds

Most of the rest have two

Demythologize them

1. Natural explanations - walking on a sandbar

2. Myths to promote the divinity of Jesus

1. Attempt to show who Jesus was

2. To show the inbreaking of the Kingdom of God

A self-narrative that functions to introduce a climatic saying of Jesus

There is a historical meaning in the text, but prefigure subsequent events.

Foreshadows things to come

1. Symbols need not have any similarity to what they represent: Type resembles what they prefigure.

2. Types point forward, while some symbols do not

Types seek links between historical events and personal allegories and find hidden meanings under the obvious meanings.

1. There must be some notable point of resemblance

2. There must be some evidence of divine affirmation of the type or antitype

3. Must prefigure something in the future

God

1. A person whose life illustrates some great truth of redemption

2. A typcial event

3. A typical institution

4. Typical offices

Historical-cultural situations

Points of compassion

Theological history

Luke was a historian of the 1st rank

1. Acts 1:8 seems to be the them. We must ask how the various stories fit?

2. Think of Luke-Act as one unit

3. We also must recognize the significance of Pentecost

Between the Mosaic and the new Covanent.

Transitional period

1. Arguments

2. Rhetoric

3. Other genres

Not just personal letters

1. Read the letter as a whole

2. The letters must be read historically

3. Read the letters as a literary document

1. Address

2. Greeting

3. Thanksgiving

4. Main body

5. Closing

6. Benidiction

1. People

2. Time

3. Problem

Doesn’t begin with a letter

Doesn’t end like a letter

No salutation or closing

A word of exhortation

Sermons

Imperatives

1. Creeds and Hymns

2. Domestic Codes

3. Slogans or sayings

4. Vice and Virtue lists

5. Diatribe

6. Letter of introduction or recommendation

7. Apologetic recommendation

8. Family letter

Answering a hypothetical objection

John Calvin

He did not know what to do with it

3

1. An epistle

2. Prophecy

3. Apocalyptic

A letter to 7 churches

We must pay attention to the historical background

An identifiable group of believers

To encourage then during a time of persecution

To contemporary events in the Roman empire

1. Preterist

2. Futurist

3. Idealist

4. Historicist

All events are in the past

all events in the future (at least after Revelation 6)

Symbolic of timeless struggle of good and evil

Development of the entire church age

Preterist and Futurist

Warnings not literal photographs

Visions and dreams at the end of world history

1. The Scripture repeatedly claims that people glorify God by obeying, that is applying, God’s word

2. The Bible claims that its message is relevant for later generations

1. Climb down off the academic mountain

2. Live where the people live

3. Ask the questions they are asking

1. The first principle is to determine the original application of the passage

2. What is the application for our present time a culture?

1. Is there a command to obey

2. Is there an example to follow or avoid?

3. Is there a promise to claim?

4. Is there a warning to heed?

5. Is there a truth to believe?

An attempt to discover in the biblical narrative, the spiritual, moral, or theological principles that has relevance to contemporary.

1. The interpreter must bridge the gulf of the cultural elements in the text, acknowledging his own cultural baggage

2. Attept to transcend both issues to apply the original passage to a contemporary audience

Universal and of enduring authority from that which is cultural

1. Retain the principle and expression

2. Retain the principle but suggest a modern expression

3. Change both principle and expression

1. Observe the reason why the command

2. In some cases we can modify the cultural norm but retain the concept

3. Refuse practices that were an integral part of pagan culture

4. Notice when the application might need to be altered for a cultural equivalent

5. depend on the Holy Spirit

6. Practice Humility

1. Salvation

2. Spiritual Maturity

3. Diligent study

4. Common sense and logic

5. Humble dependence on the Holy Spirit for disernment