Chapter 6

Hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic

Provides support, flexibility, resilience/joints, ribs, larynx

Contains elastic fibers/ ear, epiglottis

Thick collagen fibers, has great tensile strength/knee, vertebrae discs

Support, protection, movement, mineral + growth, hematopoiesis, triglyceride, hormone production

Chondrocytes

Skull, ribs, vertebrae

Limbs, girdles

Long, short, irregular, flat

Longer than wide/limbs

Cubes/wrist, patella

Ribs

Vertebrae, hips

Shaft

Ends

Produces blood cells

Stores fat

Lines outside of compact bone, secures membrane to bone

Line inside of compact bone

Projection, depression, opening

Outward bulge

Bowl/groove

Hole

Structural unit of compact bone

Cells, extra cellular matrix

Skull, clavicle/ fibrous connective tissue

Long bones, appendicular, replace hyaline cartilage

Longitudinal growth

Appositional growth

osteogenic, osteoblasts, osteocytes, bone-lining cells, osteoclasts

Bone forming cells

mature bone cells in lacunae, communicate information to osteoblasts and osteoclasts for bone remodeling

mature bone cells, maintains bone matrix like osteocytes

bone-resorting cell

stimulates epiphyseal plate activity in infancy and childhood

modulates activity of growth hormone, ensures proper proportions

promote adolescent growth spurts, end growth by inducing epiphyseal plate closure

mechanical stresses, changes in blood concentrations of calcium or phosphate

Deposit new bone matrix

break down bone e to release calcium

nondisplaced: ends retain normal position

Displaced: ends are out of normal alignment

complete: broken all the way through

Complete: not broken all the way through

Open: skin is penetrated

Closed: skin is not penetrated

Reduction, immobilization

1. Hematoma forms 2. Fibrocartilage 3. Bony callus forms 4. Bone-remodeling occurs

vitamin d deficiency, low calcium

bowed legs, bone deformities because bone ends are abnormal and long

insufficient exercise, age, sex, estrogen, testosterone, smoking, genetics, alcohol, poor diet