Studied by 25 peopleRaw Data
Data just as it is collected - before it is ordered or grouped.
Can be either quantitative or qualitative.
Quantitative Data
Numerical observations or measurements.
Numbers
Is either continuous or discrete
Qualitative Data
Non - numerical observations.
Often words
Continuous Data
Can take any value on a continuous numerical state.
e.g. measurements
Discrete Data
Can only take particular values on numerical scale
shoe size or number of pets
Ordinal Data
Can be written in order or can be given a numerical rating scale.
Bivariate Data
Involves pairs of related data.
Multivariate Data
Involves sets of 3 or more related data values.
Primary Data
Data collected by or for the person who is going to use it.
Secondary Data
Data collected by someone else
Population
Everything or everybody that could be involved in an investigation
Census
A survey or investigation with data taken from every member of a population
Sample
Contains information about part of a population. The results can be used to make conclusions for the whole population.
Hypothesis
An idea that can be tested by collecting and analysing data.
Should be a statement not a question
Needs to be precise about something you can measure.
Explanatory or Independent Variable
What a researcher changes
Response or Dependant Variable
Is affected by the explanatory variable
Extraneous Variable
Need to be controlled, could affect results of the experiment
Field experiments
Carried out in an everyday (uncontrolled) environment. Researcher sets up the situation and variables are controlled.
Natural experiments
Carried out in an everyday (uncontrolled) environment. The researcher has no control over any variables.
Note
Flashcard