IAPS - unit one

The study of human society, thought, culture and behaviour

field work, research published in journals, lots of time on computers, differing work environments

The study of the lives and cultures of human beings

the scientific study of behaviour and the mind

the systematic study of human relationships within social organizations

scientific observation

gangs, religion, biology/genetics/evolution, primate behaviour, cults, human cultures (ex: teenage culture), ethic groups in Canada, social organization

suicide and depression, mental illness, the self/self-image, eating disorders, violence, child development, learning, reasoning, dreams/fantasies, thoughts/feelings/emotions, stress

poverty, racism, abuse, criminology/deviance, role of new tech, marriage/family, multiculturalism, prisons, unemployment

created as a response to the age of enlightenment, wanted to shine a light on the world

the broad study of humankind around the world and throughout time

biological and cultural

physical, cultural, archaeology and linguistic

bio evolution, genetic inheritance, human adaptability/variation, primatology, fossil records, and forensic anthro

culture, ethnocentrism, cultural aspects of lang and comm, subsistence and other economic patters, kinship, sex, marriage, socialization, social control, political organization, class, ethnicity, gender, religion, and culture change

human comm process focusing on the importance of socio-cultural infulences, nonverbal comm; and the structure, function and history of languages/dialects

Participant observation - live in it as an active participant

By physically and emotionally participating in the social interaction of the host society

physical environment, level of technology, social organization, system of symbols

physical geography, weather, etc ➡️length of winter may effects popular sports or fashion

the degree of tech determines how receptive a culture will be to change/how well they will adapt

how is culture organzied? kinship system? how is labour divided?

physical objects, gestures, dance trends, hairstyles, etc

study of social life, social change, social causes and consequences of human behaviour

development and structure of human societ (institutions) and how it works, the structure of groups, orgs, and societies, and how people interact in these contexts

term used to decribe our position within an institution

each role/status has values that the practitioner of that role is expected to accept and internalize

rules set of for a particular role that are considered standard behaviour (priests being celibate)

developed by a culture based on their system of values (can be formal laws or things that are just accepted ex: snitches get stiches)

each society should provide its members with the fundamental requirements for functioning; systems fufill material needs, socializing/educating the young, regulating human reproduction, etc

to try to explain the role of sciety’s systems in enabling human society to function

how society works to meet their needs

humans have complex brains and little instinctive behaviour

we give meaning to things based on our social interactions and this meaning is not permanent; we base interactions on our interpetation of symbols which can change

material concerns (relationship between the classes)

competiton/conflicts between social classes battling for power and economic resources

conflict propels change to the economic system and/or to society as a whole

competition for power between different groups (constant struggle between those who have power and those who do not)

power

created to perpetuate the division between that powerful and the powerless

women were marginalized, deprived of power and without equal membership in society

gender inequality, the role of women, discrimination agaisnt women, sex and gender issues

raise issues of inequalities and bring about change

Diminished sense of personal responsibility to act when in a big group

study of how and why humand act as they do

the idividuals, personal and unique experiences that influence how the individual acts and thinks

work to describe explain predict anf control behaviour and mental processes.

Work to help people overcome fear, cope with illness, understans senses and makes their lives happier and safer

biological, psychoanalytical, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, evolutionary, sociocultural

the roles of bio process and heredity in explaining behaviour

the role of environment in shaping and controlling behaviour

the importance of the indiv’s subjective experience as a key to understanding behaviour

the role of interited tendencies that have proven adaptive in humans

the effect of society on culture and behaviour

the importance of mental processes that underlie behaviour

role of unconcious motivation and early childhood experiences in determining behaviour and thought

the concious and unconsious

our unconsicous mind has more influence than our consicous mind on our personalities and behaviour

id, superego, ego

encourages us to seek physical satisfaction, can be self-destructive

encourges us to do the moral thing, no the one that feels best

acts as a referee between the other two, and deals with external reality

belief that personality was developed based on how we deal with toilet and sexual functions (if we deal with them with acceptance and openness we are happy, confident, etc; if we deal with them with shame and guilt we are nervous, insecure, etc)

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

on oral gratification (sucking on bottle, placing things in mouth)

overeating, smoking, nail-biting

on bowel pleasure, resisting toilet training (coming to terms with society’s control relating to toilet training

meanness, resentment of authority, obsessive neatness

awarness of sex organs, love/hate relationship with same sex parent (oedipus complex)

selfishness, manipulativeness, poor opposite sex relationships

on same-sex friends, few friends of opposite sex (sexual concerns are unimportant)

lack of close friends

dating and marriage, sexual energy (mature sexual relationships)

guilt about sexuality, feelings of inadequacy, poor sexual relationships

humans are born with very little instinct, but much learning potential

it is learned, especially in children and youth

contolling the way they learn beahviours (ex: brought up in a loving family = become secure/loving adults, if parents provided clear expectations for good behaviour and swift but fair consequences for bad behaviour

psuchologists can predict, and control/modify human behaviours by identifying the factors that motivate it

they have a huge infulence of an individual’s character (even into adulthood)

if people don’t overcome their difficulties in gaining self-esteen and recognition, it could lead conpensatory behaviour and an inferiority complex

the terms extrovert (outwards looking and rely on others for well-being) and introvert (inwards looking and wellbeing comes from within)

classical conditioning

a type of learning where a once neutral stimulus comes to produce a particular response after pairings with a conditioned stimulus

operant conditioning

a type of learning that uses rewards and punishment to achieve a desired behaviour