Studied by 3 peoplestage one of every type of star
stellar nebula
stage two of every type of star
spends time as a star
sizes for all the stars in order from smallest to largest
average mass star, large mass star, very large mass star
stage three for every type of star
red giant
names for all types of stars in stage 3
red giant, red supergiant, massive red supergiant
stage 4 of a average mass star
planetary nebula
stage 4 of a large mass and very large mass star
supernova
stage five of an average mass star
white dwarf
stage five of a large mass star
neutron star
stage five of a very large mass star
black hole
how long does it take for an average mass star to reach dwarf star stage
more than ten billion years
how long does it take for a large mass star to reach neutron star stage
about fifty million years
how long does it take for a super large mass star to reach black hole stage
five million years
as the mass of a star increases…
the lifespan of the star decreases
the last stage of life for the sun
white dwarf
the lifespan of our sun
more than ten billion years
things that have been invented for space exploration
better tires, grooves in road, smoke detectors, fire proof paint, invisible braces
things that are being researched for future space exploration
space elevator, magnetic space train, artificial gravity, asteroid mining, multitude of mini space crafts
elliptical galaxy
dying galaxy, made up of mostly old stars, stars and gases are spread throughout galaxy
spiral galaxy
spirals, most common type, younger and fresher stars
three main components of spiral galaxies
disk = shape of galaxy, bulge = center, only old stars, halo = gas and stars spiraling around in a halo
classification of spiral galaxies
a, b, c, d, a is the tightest spiral
classification of elliptical galaxies
E, numbers 0-7
barred spiral galaxies
similar to spiral galaxies, bar of matter running through the galaxy, shaped like an s
irregular galaxies
doesn’t have a regular shape of galaxy
classifications of irregular galaxy
irr1 has an abundance of hydrogen gas and irr2
what is a star
a star is a luminous ball of gas made up of hydrogen and helium and it is held together by its own gravity
what is a baby star called
protostar
what’s the process in which a star produces energy
nuclear fusion
habitable zone
the distance from a star at which liquid water could exist on orbiting planets surfaces
magnetosphere
a magnetosphere is the region around a planet dominated by the planet's magnetic field
key characteristics that allowed for life to evolve on earth
it is the right distance from the sun, it is protected from harmful solar radiation by its magnetic field, it is kept warm by an insulating atmosphere, and it has the right chemical ingredients for life, including water and carbon
list the planets in order from the sun
mercury, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune
the sun’s importance to the earth
it drives weather, ocean currents, seasons, and climate, and makes plant life possible through photosynthesis, without the sun's heat and light, life on earth would not exist
the sun’s importance to the solar system
it holds the solar system together, provides life-giving light, heat, and energy to earth, and generates space weather
the difference between inner planets and outer planets
the four inner planets have shorter orbits, slower spin, no rings, and they are made of rock and metal, the four outer planets have longer orbits and spins, a composition of gases and liquids, numerous moons, and rings, the outer planets are made of hydrogen and helium, so they are called gas giants
the big bang theory
the big bang is how astronomers explain the way the universe began, it is the idea that the universe began as just a single point, then expanded and stretched to grow as large as it is right now, and it is still stretching
what is the galaxy we live in
the milky way galaxy, a barred spiral galaxy
what is nuclear fusion
fusion occurs when two or more atoms are joined together to make a larger atom, stars get their power from nuclear fusion, deep inside a star, hydrogen atoms are constantly being converted by fusion into helium atoms, it's this process that generates the light and heat energy given off by the stars including the sun
what is not a characteristic of a terrestrial planet
lots of moons
why does mercury not have an atmosphere
the temperature is too high
what is found between the inner planets and the outer planets
asteroid belt
what is the average distance from the earth to the sun measured in?
astronomical units
is there blackholes in the center of most galaxies
yes, scientists believe that there are black holes in the majority of all large galaxies
are distances between the planets the same or at equal distances?
no, none of the planets distances between each other are the same
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