urban places

flows of capital, flows of information, flows of people

money available for business investment or sources

varuous knowledge and ideas, such as intellectual propertu, scientific research data and cultural symbols

short term migration of business people, scientists, toursits

the amount of control some urban places exert over other places and the spatial extent of control

the phenomenon in which less powerful centres become reliant upon world cities for investment, employment, infrastructure and decision making

the decay of an urban area

an urban are that is large and heavily populated

any economic unit which is involved with the promotion of economic growth

an incorporated or un-incorporated community w/ a population of less than 5,000 individuals

theatres of global accumulation, technological dominance, financial dominance in productions + distribution, cultural influence and strategic decision making

a global division of labour associated with the growth of transnational corporations and the deindustrialization of advanced economies. manifests as research and development in more economically developed countries, and cheap, less skilled labour in less economically developed countries.

the tertiary and quaternary sector

the sector of the economy that concerns services

associated with either the intellectual or knowledge-based economy

70%

Heathrow

over 400

1971-2006

47%

the formation of a number of things into a cluster.

great western highway and newell highway

55%

very large urban agglomerations of at least 10 million people

• mechanism of agriculture

• globalisation

• government policies

• cultural significance of city

• natural increase within cities themselves

The concept of a gap between the Global North and the Global South in terms of development and wealth

• overurbanisation

• Perform national or international functions

• Large Informal Economies

• Manufacturing centres

• Unplanned Settlements

• Social Polarisation

$100 USD/month

a large city that has outstripped it's national urban network and become part of the international urban network and the international global system

a process in which people and countries of the world are being brough closer together economically and culturally through trade, information tech, travel, cultural exchange, the mass media and mass entertainment

AT Kearney, GaWC, Forbes 2014

• how many business sectors

• air connectivity

• strength of product services

New York, London

Tokyo, Paris

Sydney, Milan

they are more integrated into the global economy than everything else

complement world cities by filling advanced service niches for the global economy

link major economic regions into the world economy

→ a centre of world trade

→ leader in banking and finance

→ host international events

→ headquarters of non-government agencies

→ major tourist destinations

→ command and control centre of economy

pertaining to the production, distribution and use of income, wealth and commodities

refers to the behaviours and beliefs characteristic of a particular social, ethnic or age group

the power to direct and exact performance from others

→ includes the right to prescribe the means and methods by which work will be done

to network itself to the rest of the world and in doing so improve it's economic power, cultural dominance and wealth

→ command and control centres in the global economy (TNC headquarters)

→ disseminate global finance

→ focus on quaternary activities

→ key locations for a full range of services

→ markets for a full range of goods and services

UNIQLO in Tokyo

(2 top 10 banks) JP Morgan Chase and Citigroup INC. both situated in NY

xx

→ social infrastructure

→ cultural facilities

→ distinct and prestigious lifestyles

→ strong transport linkages

London hosting 3 Olympics’ in 1908, 1948, 2012

The Lourve (1st in art galleries) is present in Paris

London underground, Tokyo metro (where high levels of population occur)

an increase to 752 million (8.8% of population)

90%

500

85%

District 13 - in Dharavi

4000 cases per day

40%

push factors out of rural areas

pull factors into an urban area

the notion that an NGO will loan a small amount of money to a village/family/person so that they can kickstart a business - e.g seeds, cows, etc

the part of any economy that is neither taxed nor monitored by any form of government

1.8 billion

programma favela-bairro

dharavi redevelopment plan

37%

75%

33%

the forces that shape and reshape cities over time. They can occur as gradual and natural processes or as coordinated government actions

the study of the formation of human settlements and the process of their formation and transformation

The movement of people, employment and facilities away from the inner city towards outer urban areas

rapid expansion of the geographic extent of cities and towns

• low density residential housing

• single use zoning

• reliance on private cars for transport

the process by which urban residents move into rural areas that remain in close proximity to the main city, and allow them to live a city facilitated lifestyle

the reversal of the rural to a large city movement associated w/ urbanisation. This means people are leaving large urban areas and are moving to smaller urban centres.

the dispersal of activities and people from large urban centres to smaller urban centres and rural communities. occurs when governments provide encouragement and incentives to move out of large metropolitan regions.

policies designed to increase population densities in established urban areas by promoting the construction of medium to high density housing. it allows for more dwelling units on a given land area.

14 people

Lagos, Bangladesh

6 months prison + 90,000 naira fine

N24-billion Employment Trust Fund

Grameen bank

8.8

mexico city, mumbai, jakarta

21 million

1.8 milllion

Mumbai urban infrastructure project, coastal road project

odd-even license plate system

process where affluent people move to peri-metropolitan areas but remain connected to urban areas

Epping

Bowral-Mittagong region

Albury, Armidale, Bathurst, Dubbo, Orange, Tamworth and Wagga

suburbanisation

exurbanisation

counterurbanisation

decentralisation

consolidation

urban decay

urban renewal

urban village

spatial exclusion

sydney city - darling square

the deterioration of existing buildings and the subsequent degradation of surrounding areas

detroit - obsolecense of automative industry

80,000

the redevelopment of areas within a large city

the process of renovating and improving a house or district so that it conforms to middle-class taste

barangaroo

$6 billion