11.3-11.4

The United States and its allies signed a disarmament treaty while also promising not to build any warships for the decade

Signed by 62 countries, stated that war would not be used “as an instrument of national policy.” but had no power

North Dakota senator chaired the Nye committee which investigated banks and arm dealers that dragged the United States into WWI

Secretary of State that notified the governments of both Japan and China that the United States would not recognize the conflict

Considered Manchuria part of China and insisted that Americans kept all their trade rights in China

Continued the nonintervention policy in Latin America begun by Presidents Hoover and Coolidge

Lowered trade barriers by giving the president power to make trade agreements with other nations, aiming to reduce tariffs by 50%

Prohibited any foreign aid loans to countries that had not paid back their World War I debts

Act that kept the country out of war by outlawing arm sales, loans to nations, and prohibited engaging in civil wars

• Allowed warring nations to buy U.S. arms as long as they paid cash and transported them in their own ship

• Sent Britain 500,000 rifles and 80,000 machine guns

• 50 old destroyers for leases

A mutual defense treaty between Germany, Italy, and japan intended to keep the United States out of the war

United States’ first peacetime military draft that drafted 16 million men between the ages of 21 and 35

Roosevelt’s Republican opponent that supported policies of supporting Britain, disappointing isolationists, lost with 45% votes to Roosevelt’s third term

Prevented Roosevelt from lending money to Britain directly when they ran out by late 1940

Allowed the president to lend or lease arms and other supplies to “any country whose defense was vital to the United States.”

• A merry-go-round company began producing gun mounts

• A stove factory made lifeboats

• A famous New York toy maker made compasses

• A pinball-machine company made armor-piercing shells

• Unemployment went down 400,000, then another 500,000

• At night up to 40 submarines patrolled areas in North America

• Sank as much as 350,000 tons of U.S. shipments in a month

Battleship where Churchill and Roosevelt settled on the Atlantic Charter

The United States and Britain pledged collective security, disarmament, self-determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas

Using the Atlantic Charter as the basis, this treaty formalized the Allies

U.S. destroyer fired by German submarines in the Atlantic that made Roosevelt shoot German submarines on sight

Two weeks after Greer, this American merchant ship was sunk off Greenland

U-boats sank this U.S. destroyer, costing 11 lives

U-boats torpedoed this U.S. destroyer killing more than 100 sailors which resulted in the Senate arming merchant ships

Prime minister of Japan that promised emperor Hirohito that the Japanese government would try to keep peace with the Americans, but attacked navy

U.S. Secretary of State that held several meetings with the Japanese ambassador to convince them to pull out of China, to which they didn’t

• The largest U.S. naval base attacked by more than 180 Japanese warplanes from six aircraft carriers

• 2,403 Americans dead, 1,178 wounded

• Sunk or damaged 21 ships including 8 battle ships

• More than 300 aircraft were severely damaged

Boasted that the United States was reduced to a third rate power and was “trembling in her shoes”

17 year old boy that was having trouble in school and wanted to be a hero so he volunteered for military service

Even though 5 million already volunteered, this system expanded the draft to another 10 million soldiers

Army Chief of Staff General that led the armed forces mobilization effort, ensuring that American soldiers were well equipped and properly trained

Pushed by George Marshall, this bill allowed women to volunteer to serve in noncombat positions, “the silliest piece of legislation”

Worked as nurses, ambulance drivers, radio operators, electricians, and pilots with full U.S. Army benefits

More than 1,000 women were trained as pilots before the war, and this group flew noncombat missions

A civilian pilot who had witnessed the bombing of Pearl Harbor from the air and signed up for WASP

Government posters with the slogan “V For Victory” inspired this campaign, encouraging African Americans to join the war effort

Clubs of African Americans that collected money and supplies hoping to win victory over the country’s enemies and the treatment at home

Mexican Americans in Los Angeles only made up 1/10 of the city’s population but suffered 1/5 of the city’s wartime casualties

• 1 million African Americans served the military in noncombat roles

• 300,000 Mexican Americans joined the military

• More than 13,000 Chinese Americans joined

• 33,000 Japanese Americans joined

• 25,000 Native Americans enlisted, including 800 women

This agency was responsible for spreading propaganda to influence public in favor of the war effort

Made movies with musicals, romances, and other escapist fares for the 85 million weekly theater attenders

Fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods, while congress raised income tax rates and extended tax to millions of people who never paid it

• This board changed companies’ manufacturing depending on which resources the armed forces needed

• Children collected 36 million lbs of old paper, 65lbs per kid

• Small piece of land used to farm food, fighting shortages

• 20 million gardens yielded 8 million tons of produce

A system set up by the OPA, gave households coupons to be used for buying scarce goods

• Brought scientists into the war effort

• Created “miracle drugs” such as penicillin

• Created blood plasma

• Created DDT to fight body lice and insects

Roosevelt created this committee to study the new discovery of the atomic bomb, stating it would take 3-5 years to complete

Code name for research work done at Columbia University in Manhattan to build the atomic bomb

New developed method to preserve food to ship to soldiers on both fronts of the war

Car without chrome-plated parts, which was on the last grey sedan produced by an automaker’s assembly line

Industrialist that built 7 massive new shipyards that turned out Liberty Ships, tankers, and aircraft carriers at fast rate

Henry J. Kaiser’s shipyard in Richmond California that assembled the Hull 440 in a record breaking 4 days

This board served as a mediator between labor and management to prevent strikes by setting limits on wage increases

• 6 million women wanted to support their country

• Women proved that they could operate as well as men

• Women earned only 60% as much as men

Inspired by a popular song of the era, her image was that of a strong woman hard at work in an arms factory

Hired hands who were invited to the United States to work on farms even though they ended up in the railroad industry

Founder of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters called upon African Americans to protest in the capital for equal fight for the U.S.

Induced by Philip Randolph, it called on employers and labor unions to treat all workers the same regardless of difference

Civil rights leader that founded the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

This organization’s purpose was to confront urban segregation in the North, doing sit-ins at a Chicago restaurant

A fight between white and black Americans in the Detroit River resulted in 9 whites and 25 blacks dead

Rebellious style of dress adopted by young Mexican Americans, consisting of a long jacket and pleated pants with brimmed hats

These riots began when 11 sailors in Los Angeles reported that they were attacked by zoot suit wearing Mexican Americans

• Native reservation lands were used to mine resources

• These lands yielded $39 million worth of vital minerals

• $6 million were given to Native American tribes

• A blue starred flag represented that a family member was in the army

• A golden starred flag meant they died

• 400,000 American service members were killed

Marriage licenses issued went up as much as 300% early in the war

Military governor of Hawaii that resisted the evacuation of Japanese Americans in Hawaii because they made up 37% of the population

Confinement of a group of people, which happened to 1,444 Japanese Americans

The removal of people of Japanese ancestry from certain states, rounding up 110,000 Japanese Americans for prison camps

Japanese people born in the United States of parents who came from Japan

Nisei teenager from Seattle that saw the evacuation to the Minidoka camp in Idaho unbelievable

The evacuation of Japanese Americans to camps was justified under the Constitution on the basis of “military necessity.”

Pushed the government to compensate those sent to the camps for their lost property, promising $20,000 to every Japanese American