Physics_ Term 1 (2023)

A single disturbance in a medium

Pulse in which the particles of the medium move at right angle to the direction of motion of the pulse.

The distance that the pulse travels per unit time.

Maximum disturbance of a particle from its rest position

The displacement of a particle from its rest position.

The algebraic sum of the amplitudes of two pulses that occupy the same space at the same time.

The phenomenon where the crest of one pulse overlaps with the crest of another to produce a pulse of increased amplitude.

Phenomenon where the crest of one pulse overlaps with the trough of another, resulting in a pulse of decreased amplitude

Wave in which the particles of a medium vibrate at right angles to the direction of motion of the wave.

• succession of transverse pulses

Distance between two successive points in phase

Number of wave pulses per second. Measured in Hertz.

Time taken for one complete wave pulse.

Are separated by a whole number multiple of complete wave lengths.

Distances travelled by a pint on a wave per unit time.

Wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of motion of the wave.

Region of high pressure in a longitudinal wave

Region of low pressure in a longitudinal wave

The speed at which compressions and rarefactions move through the medium. The more closely packed the medium the faster it travels.

Longitudinal waves created by vibration in a medium in the direction of propagation.

The degree of highness or lowness of a sound. Depends on frequency, higher frequency = higher pitch

Measurement of how much energy is transported by a wave. Depends on the amplitude of the wave, greater amplitude = louder sound.

Has to do with the wave form. The clearer the wave form, the clearer the qulity of sound.

Measure of the quality of a sound wave

Called the wave-particle duality. Light sometimes shows wave like behavior (diffraction, interference and polarization) at other times it behaves like a stream of particles (photoelectric effect and the formation of line spectra)

Originate from accelerating electric charges. Propagate as electric and magnetic fields that are perpendicular to each other. Can travel through a vacuum.

Packet of energy found in light energy. Energy is directly proportional to the frequency of the wave and inversely proportional to its wavelength.

Study of static electricity or charges at rest.

The partial or complete polar separation of positive and negative electric charges in a system

Obtained with the help of an external charge. Not permanent.

All charges in the universe consist of an integer multiple of the charge of an electron.

The net charge of an isolated system remains constant during any physical process.

Area in space in which a charged object experiences a force.

Energy transferred per unit electric charge flowing through it.

Total amount of electrical energy that a battery can supply. Equal to the potential difference measure across the terminals of a battery.

Voltage measured across the terminals of the battery when charges are flowing through the circuit.

The rate of flow of charge, Measured in Ampere (A). The amount of current that passes a point in one second.

Energy transferred in a conductor in one second if the current is one ampere. Measured in Coulomb (C).

The potential difference across a conductor is directly proportional to the current in the conductor at constant temperature. Temperature stays constant.

The ratio of potential difference across an electric component of the current through the component.

The type of material. Length. Thickness. Temperature.

Ammeter reading is the same everywhere. Potential difference across each resistance can be different, but the sum of the potential difference across each resistor equals the potential difference across the battery.

Current splits when it reaches the parallel connection. Value of the current through each resistor depends on its resistance. Potential difference stays the same.