AP Gov Chapter 4 Vocab

groups of like minded people centered around a general concern

working relationships

one half of congress, 435 members, 2 year term, lower house

the power to tax or raise revenue and spend the revenues through the public law making process

one half of congress, 100 members, 6 year term, upper house

requires the president to inform Congress within 48 hours of committing US forces to combat

enabled and required a 2/3 super majority to stop debate on a bill

allows longer debate among fewer people and to allow members to vote as a group rather than an individual roll call

created to iron out differences on the bills

the amount of money the federal government spends minus the amount of money it collects from taxes

can bring a bill out of a reluctant committee with a simple majority to force it onto the house floor

funding that congressional committees debate and decide how to divide up

to block a nomination or to let time run out on a deadline for voting on a bill

amendments directly related to the legislation under consideration

committees that unite the members of the house and senate

trading votes to gain support for a bill

payments required by law, or mandated, for certain programs

includes multiple areas of law and/or addresses multiple programs

funds earmarked for specific purposes in a legislators district

the VP of the US, votes in case of a tie

the temporary president

nongermane amendment, offer added to beneifit

can dispose of a bill, discuss lines of debate, acts as a traffic cop on the house floor

formed for short lived purposes

most powerful member of the Senate, decides whether bills reach the floor

leader of the house majority party, recognize members for floor speeches, most powerful person in the house

the member who introduces the bill and typically assumes authorship

the approval of all senators

a committee exclusive to the house that determines tax policy

keeps a rough tally of votes among his or her party members

national courts can force states to redraw district laws to enforce the one person one vote principle

the view that an elected representative should represent the opinions of his or her constituents

illogical district lines drawn to give the advantage to one party

the "congestion" of opposing forces the presents ideas from moving forward

executive who has not won reelection or who is closing in on the end of the second term

individuals should have equal representation in voting

lawmakers consider a variety of factors and decide their action to vote for what makes the most sense

case that ruled district lines cannot be draw for the purpose of aiding or hindering racial groups

a district where no single candidate or party has overwhelming support

elected representatives are entrusted by voters with the responsibility of governing for all