AP HUG Unit 6A: Development

A process of improvement in the conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology

A country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of development

an acronym that refers to the economies of Brazil Russia India and China/ newly industrialized country

An indicator constructed by the U.N. to measure the level of development for a country through a combination of income, education, and life expectancy

The value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, not accounting for money that leaves and enters the country

The value of the output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, including money that leaves and enters the country

The amount of money needed in one country to purchase the same goods and services in another country

the concept of a gap between the global north and the global south in terms of development and wealth

how industries are classified

The portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth, generally through agriculture

The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials

The portion of the economy concerned with transportation, communications, and utilities, sometimes extended to the provision of all goods and services to people in exchange for payment

the portion of the economy that involves knowledge based activities such as information technology, research, and development, as well as consulting services and education

the legal economy that is taxed and monitored by a government and is included in a governments gross national product

economic activity that is neither taxed nor monitored by a government and is not included in that governments gross national product

Transfer of some types of jobs, especially those requiring low-paid, less-skilled workers, from more developed to less developed countries

The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it

The gross value of a product minus the costs of raw materials and energy

An indicator constructed by the U.N. to measure the gender gap in the level of achievement in terms of income, education, and life expectancy

An indicator constructed by the U.N. to measure the extent of each country’s gender inequality in terms of reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market

a model that analyzes the 5 steps that it takes to move from an agricultural society to a service based economy

a theory that the world is one interconnected collection of nations and states that due to the initial wave of European colonialism in the late 15th and 16th centuries, is dominated by economic centers in Europe and North America

the core countries depend on the periphery for labor and raw materials while the periphery depend on the core for goods

an intergovernmental organization that regulates and facilitates international trade

Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country

A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located

an international development organization owned by 187 countries

an intergovernmental organization of 13 oil-producing countries that aims to coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member states

a regional integration process, initially established by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, and subsequently joined by Venezuela and Bolivia

an organization of 188 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.

Economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions that encourage international trade

Provision of small loans and financial services to individuals and small businesses in developing countries

An alternative to international trade that provides greater equity to workers, small businesses, and consumers, focusing primarily on products exported from developing countries to developed countries

A member-owned, member-governed business that operates for the benefit of its members according to common principles agreed upon by the international cooperative community

a collection of 17 global goals aimed at improving the planet and the quality of human life around the world by the year 2030