BIO TERMS ACT 9, 10, 11, 12, 13

Cellular Respiration formula

• Speed up chemical reactions.

• Thousands are present in most types of cells.

Ex, Pepsin, DNA polymerase.

• Carry small molecules and ions.

• Ex, hemoglobin, glucose transporter.

• Enable movements in cells and tissues.

• Ex, Myosin, Dynein.

• Carry small signals between cells.

• Ex, Insulin, Glucagon.

• Mediate a cell’s response to a stimulus.

• Many receptors interact with signalling proteins.

• Ex, Insulin receptor, rhodopsin.

• Bind to and inactive foreign substances and microbes, participate in infection and immune response.

• Ex, Antibodies in the immune system, influenza virus.

• Store such materials as amino acids and iron for later use.

• Ex, Albumin, ferritin.

• Provide protection and support.

• Ex, Actin, Keratin.

Which is the type of pigment used to absorb light during photosynthesis and where it is found?

What organelle makes Cellular Respiration?

What organelle makes Photosynthesis?

Which organelle makes sugars?

Which organelle makes ATP?

Photosynthesis formula

1

2

3

4

5

6

1

2

3

4

5

What is produced at the end of the cell cycle?

Cell development

• Cells increase in size

• Cells create more proteins and organelles

DNA replication

• Chromosomes are replicated

• DNA synthesis takes place

Organelle Duplication

• Organelles and molecules are duplicated for Mitosis (cell division)

Where does Mitosis occur?

• Chromosomes become visible

• Centrioles separate and move to the opposite poles (ends)

• Spindle fibers appear

• Nucleolus and nuclear membrane (envelope) disappear

• Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

• Microtubules connect the centromere of each chromosome to the poles of the spindle

• Centromeres split apart.

• Chromatids separate from one another to become individual chromosomes Each chromosome moves to opposite poles

• Chromosomes reach opposite poles of the cell

• Chromatids unwind back into chromatin

• Nuclear envelope reappear reforming the nucleus

• Spindle fibers disappear

• New double membrane (cell membrane) gain to form between 2 nuclei (cell pinches)

• Animal Cell - Cleavage

• Plant Cell - Cell Plate

• Cytoplasm division

• During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm pinches in half. Each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes.

What is cancer?

What part of the cell is involved in Cancer growth?

• Cells that make up your organs and tissues

• Carry a full set of genetic information

46 total chromosomes, half from mom and half from dad

Sperm and eggs

23 total chromosomes

Must be duplicated before cell division

• Stem cells that can form all the cells in the body.

• Includes cells that form the placenta, extra embryonic cells

• Only cells that are totipotent are embryonic cells after the first couple of divisions.

• Stem cells that can form into all types of cells that make up the body EXCEPT cells that make up the Placenta

• Stem cells that can develop into more than one cell type but are limited

• Examples: Adult Stem Cells and Cord Blood Stem Cells

What’s the process by which stem cells produce specialized descendent cells?

What cell has the potential to produce any type of specialized cells?

What cell can produce a limited set of specialized cells?

Embryo development